Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

World Literature > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

0
Q

Description of isolation

A

We should avoid being in contact with anything that is unholy.

Why should we waste our time rereading anything other than the scriptures?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Three common “Christian” attitudes to “secular” literature

A
  1. Isolation
  2. Integration
  3. Compartmentalization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Strengths of isolation

A

Concern for sanctification

They want to be holy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Weaknesses of isolation

A

Impossible to do- John 17:11,14-16

Scripturally impossible to achieve sanctification by this method

Monastic disinterest in transforming culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Description of integration

A

The world can teach us the truths that are not in the scriptures. “All truth is God’s truth”

We seek to balance the “general revelation” with the “special revelation”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Strengths of integration

A

Concern for transforming culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Weaknesses of integration

A

Compromise of the scripture and of the “secular” knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Description of compartmentalization

A

Separation of secular and sacred: work/church, study/bible study, friendship/witnessing, etc.

Failure to see the connection between the two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Strengths of compartmentalization

A

Neither isolation nor integration

Clear conscience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Weaknesses of compartmentalization

A

Don’t know how to live a Christian life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nature of sin

A

There is nothing that is intrinsically sinful

Temptations don’t come from an object

Sin is in us, not in an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why study literature?

A

The value of popular culture

Systematic understanding of human struggles

Application of the mind of Christ

Development of spiritual muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Value of popular culture

A

Practical knowledge

Prophetic knowledge: social critique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do we approach literature?

A

Critical discernment

Sanctified enjoyment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Critical discernment

A

Examine literature in light of the scriptures

How close does it come to the truth?
How far does it fall short of the truth?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Truth

A

The nature and the works of God and his creation so revealed in the scriptures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sanctified enjoyment

A

We cannot enjoy something unless we first find out that it is indeed “true”, “just”, “pure”, “lovely”, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pre-classical history

A

Mycenaean culture (2000-1200 bc)

Dorian invasion (ca. 1104 bc)

Dark ages (lasted about 400 years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Literary periods

A

Pre-classical (8-6th BC)

Classical (6-4th BC)

Hellenistic-Roman (4-1st BC; 1st BC - 4 AD)

Byzantine (4-15 AD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Classical Greek literature

A 
Epic
Lyric
Tragedy
Comedy
History
Philosophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Epic vs. lyric

A

Long vs. short

Extraordinary vs. mundane

Differentiation vs. identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Homer

A

Nothing is certain about him

According to tradition
Blind poet, native to Chios (Ionia)
Based on oral poetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

History of the Trojan war

A

Heinrich Schliemann
German archaeologist
Excavated Troy in 1870-1873

Ruins of nine cities built top one another
Homer’s Troy: 7th (1250-1020 BC)
Ruins of its walls measured at 16 feet thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Theme of the Iliad

A

Honor/virtue

Two types of honor
Aretē
Timē

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aretē

A

Virtue, excellence

Associated with fame (kleos)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Timē

A

Honor

Associated with giving of material gifts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which type of honor is most important?

A

Ancients- aretē

Contemporary- timē

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Honor and immortality

A

Contemporary glorification of timē- “he who dies with the most toys wins”.

Ancients aretē over timē- afterlife is a shadowy, half-existence. Immortality through memory. Live beyond death in songs and stories.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Achilles

A

Son of goddess Thetis

Doubly doomed- short painful life with honor or long peaceful life

Dishonored taking away of timē

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Biblical option of honor

A

Seek a long peaceful life

But be ready for anything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Attempts to restore honor

A

Agamemnon’s reconciliation

Odysseus’ intercession

Achilles’ refusal- death as ultimate honor

Phoenix’s appeal

Ajax’s appeal

Death of Patroclus

31
Q

Death and funeral of Hector

A

Honor in the manor of death

Honor and funeral

32
Q

Three ancient public speeches

A

Forensic discourse- given in court

Deliberative discourse- course of action

Epideictic discourse- funeral (most important) validation of ones life

33
Q

Aeschylus’ personal background

A

524-456 BC

Earliest of the great Greek tragic poets- “father of tragedy”

Introduced 2nd actor (creating dialogue)

Soldier and patriot- fought in the battle of marathon (490 BC) and battle of salamis (480 BC)

34
Q

Aeschylus historical-political background

A

Birth of Athens as a democratic city-state

Oligarchy under Pisistratus and Hippias (6th BC)

Cleisthenes reintroduced democracy in 510 BC

Celebrated internal and external peace under the new form of government

35
Q

Origin of tragedy

A

Originated in the Dionysian festival of 6th century BC

Made of a dancing chorus and a masked actor

Invention of 2nd and 3rd actor

Separation of actor

36
Q

Philosophy of tragedy

A

Dialectic opposition of two elements: Apollo and Dionysus

Attempt to resolve the tension in life

37
Q

Apollo

A

Masculinity

God of the sky: presides over music, poetry, and prophecy

Represents: individuality, rationality, civilization, human mind

38
Q

Dionysus

A

Femininity

God of the earth: presides over harvest, festivity, and intoxication

Represents: mob mentality, madness, nature, and human body

39
Q

Tragedy

A

Conflict between Dionysian and Apollonian

Resolution in destruction

40
Q

Conflict between Dionysian and Apollonian

A

Nature (physis) vs. culture (nomos)

Nature (physis) vs. art/technology (techne)

Individual vs. state

41
Q

Theme of Aeschylus

A

Justice (dikē)

42
Q

Definition of justice

A

Righting the wrong

The law of retribution and the first act of injustice

Only way to stop the cycle: forgiveness

43
Q

Aristocratic justice

A

Individual justice- taking matter into his/her own hand

44
Q

Democratic justice

A

Communal justice- a group of people judging and administering justice

45
Q

Furies (Erinyes) appearance, origin, justice

A

Appearance- hideous

Origin- ancient, earth, fate

Justice- law of equal retaliation

46
Q

Apollo and Athena

A

Young gods

Apollo and logic

Symbol of new dispensation from primitive justice to democratic justice governed by human rationality

47
Q

Eumenides

A

The kindly ones

Nature of crime: matricide (against flesh and blood)

Crime against the balance of nature

Crime against the Dionysian principle

48
Q

Trial in Aeschylus (type of trial, verdict, outcome)

A

Trial by jury

Verdict- masculine principle over feminine (Apollonian over Dionysian)

Outcome: furies turn into Eumenides

49
Q

Oresteia trilogy

A

Parable of democracy

50
Q

Euripides

A

480-406 BC

Last of the great tragic poets

Not as popular as Aeschylus and Sophocles (only won 5 awards)

Did not cater to the Athenian crowd

Exposed injustice and hypocrisy

Tried and exiled from Athens for impiety (significance: loss of identity)

“Euripides drew men as they are, not as they ought to be”

51
Q

Three dramatist contrasted

A

Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides

52
Q

Aeschylus’ innovation and theme

A

Innovation- 2nd actor

Theme- triumph of culture over nature

53
Q

Sophocles’ innovation and theme

A

Innovation- 3rd actor

Theme- culture and nature in stalemate

54
Q

Euripides’ innovation and theme

A

Innovation- introduction, separation of actors and audience

Theme- triumph of nature over culture

55
Q

Historical background of Medea

A

Composed in 431 BC (beginning of peloponnesian war

Weakened faith in democracy and Olympian gods

Moral decay and materialism

56
Q

Theme of Medea

A

Passion

Return of nature/Dionysian

Subversion of culture/Apollonian

57
Q

Character of Medea

A

Outsider to polis (city-state)

Woman- 2nd class, no right to vote

Foreigner- non-Greek, no citizenship

Witch- ancient religion, didn’t worship Olympian deity

58
Q

Medea’s background: historical

A

Pelia’s usurpation of the throne of Iolcos

Argonaut’s sailing to Colchis

Golden Fleece adventure

Murder of Apsyrtos, Medea’s brother

59
Q

Medea’s background: personal

A

Priestess of Hecate

Granddaughter of Helios

60
Q

What does it mean to be a foreigner?

A

No privilege of a citizen

No personal identity

No honor/virtue

61
Q

Medea’s speech #1

A

Addressed to women of Corinth

2nd class citizen

Dowry to buy a master

Double standard

Fight war rather than bear child

Women endure all for love, but if this love is wronged…

62
Q

Passion

A

Centrality for the play Medea

Reference to “self-control”

Comparison to virtue

63
Q

Dénouement of Jason and Medea

A

Jason- maintain citizenship, but die without honor

Medea- monster, will not be touched by the furies

64
Q

Plato

A

429-347 BC

Aristocratic family

Fought in the peloponnesian war (409-404 BC)

Rule of the thirty tyrants (404 BC)

Restoration of democracy (403 BC)

Execution of Socrates (399 BC)

Left Athens and traveled to Egypt, Sicily, Italy

Returned to Athens and founded the academy (387 BC)

65
Q

Plato’s philosophy

A

Theory of ideal

Phenomenal world as shadow

Real world as ideal

Allegory of the cave

66
Q

Socratic dialectic

A

Question/answer mode of teaching- maieutics (midwifery)

Assumption of “soul knowledge”- transmigration of the soul

67
Q

Apology of Socrates

A

Conflict of philosophy and rhetoric

Opening defense- manner of words vs. “truth” of words

68
Q

Philosophy

A

Substance/essence

Universal knowledge

69
Q

Rhetoric

A

Appearance

Local knowledge

70
Q

Two accusations of Socrates

A

Teaching corruptive doctrine

Impiety

71
Q

Corruptive doctrine of Socrates

A

Pythian oracle- no one wiser than Socrates

Observed three groups- polititians, poets, craftsmen

Knowledge in specialized areas vs. knowledge of “high matters”

72
Q

Impiety of Socrates

A

Not believing in the gods of the state

Belief in Daimonia

Universal deity vs. local gods

73
Q

Political significance of Socrates’ doctrine

A

Creation of new reality/nature that is more real/natural than the real/natural itself

Overcoming Apollonian/Dionysian dilemma

New aristocracy: the philosopher king

74
Q

Christian belief system and platonic philosophy

A

Christian God and platonic deity

Spiritual world and platonic ideal

75
Q

Biblical answer to Apollo/Dionysus

A

Transformation of human nature “inner man”
Regeneration
Sanctification

Transformation of human nature to body glorification

Transformation if nature

World Literature (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions