exam 1 Flashcards
Information Technology (IT)
Any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization
Information System
collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose
inputs
captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environment
outputs
transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used.
Management Information Systems (MIS)
A business function, like accounting and human resources, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision-making and problem-solving
Business Process
a standardized set of activities that accomplish a specific task, such as processing a customer’s order
intranet
a network designed for the exclusive use of computer users within an organization that cannot be accessed by users outside the organization
Extranet
can be partially accessed by authorized outside users, enabling businesses to exchange information over the internet securely.
outsourcing
obtain (goods or a service) from an outside or foreign supplier, especially in place of an internal source.
offshoring
the practice of basing some of a company’s processes or services overseas, so as to take advantage of lower costs.
strategic choice
The organization’s strategy; the ways an organization will attempt to fulfill its mission and achieve its long-term goals.
administrative management
top level, overseeing all
executive management
middle management, executes plans and policies
supervisory management
lower level management, responsible for direct task and management
transaction processing system TPS
Basic business system that serves the operational level and assists in making structured decisions
executive support systems ESS
Helps executives make unstructured and semi-structured decisions; includes internal and external data.
enterprise systems ERP
Collect data from different functions and store data in single central data repository
customer relationship management CRM
a company-wide business strategy designed to optimize profitability, revenue, and customer satisfaction by focusing on highly defined and precise customer groups
legacy system
an old system that is fast approaching or beyond the end of its useful life within an organization
social business
Use of social networking platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and internal corporate social tools, to engage employees, customers, and suppliers.
business benefits
the benefits that accrue to the organization; usually measured in dollars
chief information officer CIO
Oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives
competitive forces
the actions of competitors, who are in the process of implementing their own marketing plans
benchmark
baseline values the system seeks to attain
total quality management TQM
a management philosophy that focuses on satisfying customers through empowering employees to be an active part of continuous quality improvement
six sigma
a set of management techniques intended to improve business processes by greatly reducing the probability that an error or defect will occur.
ethics
the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
ethical analysis
- Identify and clearly describe the facts.
- Define the conflict or dilemma and identify the higher-order values involved.
- Identify the stakeholders.
- Identify the options that you can reasonably take.
- Identify the potential consequences of your options.
code of conduct
a set of values, rules, standards, and principles outlining what employers expect from staff within an organization.
fair information practices FIP
that governs the collection and use of information about individuals and forms the basis of most U.S. and European privacy laws.
cookies (internet)
are small text files deposited on a computer hard drive when a user visits websites.
opt in
model of informed consent in which a business is prohibited from collecting any personal information unless the consumer specifically takes action to approve information collection and use
opt out
model of informed consent permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests the data not to be collected
patents
licenses that give an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a set period of time (20 years)
trade secrets
methods of production kept secret by the producing firm
