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Government > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Distinguish between different types of government by inclusiveness

A

Autocracy- ruled by one person
Oligarchy- ruled by small group
Democracy- ruled by majority

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2
Q

Distinguish between different types of government as evaluated by limitations on power

A

Totalitarianism- gov has no limits and eliminate rivals
Authoritarianism- gov has no limits but constrained by institutions
Constitutionalism- gov are constrained by codified rules

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3
Q

Define politics

A

Politics is how we determine “who gets what, when, and how”

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4
Q

Identify the main purposes of American government

A

They make, enforce, and interpret laws to protect citizens and provide services

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5
Q

American Revolution- Thomas Hobbes

A

Believed government is necessary to maintain order

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6
Q

American Revolution- John Locke

A

Believed all government is limited and all men are born free with life, liberty, and property

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7
Q

American Revolution- Montesquieu

A

French political theorist who advocated for separation of powers

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8
Q

Key compromises for constitution

A

Bicameral legislature- big and small states
Three-fifths compromise- north and south states

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9
Q

American Revolution- Founding Fathers

A

Washington and John Adams- war leaders
Jefferson- wrote Declaration of Independence
Madison- political leader
Thomas Paine- common sense pamphlet
Alexander Hamilton- fought and built financial system

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10
Q

Political efficacy

A

Citizen’s feeling that political and social change is possible

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11
Q

Fundamental values of American political culture

A

Liberty, equality, and democracy

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12
Q

Purpose of each branch of gov

A

Legislative- make laws, executive- signs/enforce laws, judicial- interpret laws

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13
Q

Define bicameralism

A

Legislature with two branches

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14
Q

Define separation of powers

A

Distinct functions for each branch of government

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15
Q

Differences between Articles of Confederation and Constitution

A

Greater centralization of power in the national government

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16
Q

Differences between Federalists and anti-federalists

A

Federalists- wanted strong government
Anti-federalists- wanted weak government and a Bill of Rights

17
Q

Define federalism

A

Power divided between central and regional

18
Q

Why a federation might be chosen as the best way to organize the powers of a government

A

Better for diverse ethnic groupings or geographically large countries

19
Q

Define reserved powers and where it is in the Constitution

A

10th amendment- reserved powers are those not specifically delegated to the national government or denied to the states

20
Q

Dual federalism

A

Both federal and state have exclusive control over areas

21
Q

Cooperative federalism

A

Expanded federal government power

22
Q

Regulated federalism

A

Congress requires states to meet national standards

23
Q

New federalism

A

Returns some power and flexibility to the states

24
Q

McColloch vs Maryland (1819)

A

Congress had legal right to charter a national bank

25
Q

Gibbons vs Ogden (1824)

A

National government controls interstate commerce

26
Q

Substantive vs procedural liberties

A

Substantive- limits on what gov can do
Procedural- rules on how gov must act

27
Q

14th amendment

A

Applied Bill or Rights to states

28
Q

Barron vs Baltimore (1833)

A

Bill of Rights does not apply to state governments

29
Q

Plessy vs Ferguson

A

Separate but equal

30
Q

Brown vs Board of Education

A

Overturned Plessy vs Ferguson and fought discrimination

31
Q

Gideon vs Wainwright

A

Everyone has the right to an attorney

32
Q

Amendments ratified to the constitution post-Civil War

A

13th- abolished slavery
14th- equal protection under law
15th- voting rights for former slaves

33
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

Public accommodations could no longer be segregated

34
Q

Voting Rights Act of 1965

A

Banned use of literacy tests as condition to vote and made it a crime to interfere with efforts to vote

35
Q

Essay- Describe problems of Articles of Confederation which led to Constitution

A

Weak central gov and shays rebellion

36
Q

Essay- Compromises of constitution

A

Great compromise- bicameral legislature
Three-fifths compromise- 60% of slave population when allocating seats in house of rep.

37
Q

Essay- separation of powers and federalism

A

Separation of powers- checks and balances
Federalism- power divided between federal and states

38
Q

Essay- nationalization of Bill of Rights

A

14th amendment applied bill of rights to states
Selective incorporation- liberties were selectively incorporated into due process clause and made applicable

Government (5 decks)

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