Exam 1

Question 1

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 1

Specific to General: ex. Theory to specific event

Question 2

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 2

General to Specific: evidence to theory

Question 3

Quantitative

Answer 3

Numerical Observation

Question 4

Qualitative

Answer 4

Characteristic Observation

Question 5

Independent Variable

Answer 5

the variable being minipulated

Question 6

Dependent Variable

Answer 6

the variable affected by the independent variable

Question 7

cation

Answer 7

positively charged ion

Question 8

anion

Answer 8

negatively charged ion

Question 9

electrongravitivity

Answer 9

the tendency for an atom to gain an electron

Question 10

hydrocarbon

Answer 10

nonpolar covalent compound

Question 11

polarity

Answer 11

a compound that has an atom(s) sharing more of the electrons becoming partially negative

Question 12

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 12

IMF between two compounds when the compounds have a bond between a Hydrogen and either Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Flourine

Question 13

London Dispersion Forces

Answer 13

Weakest IMF that occurs when a nonpolar compound randomly has a dipole moment

Question 14

Is water polar?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

solution

Answer 15

a homogenous liquid between two or more substances

Question 16

solvent

Answer 16

the dissolving agent/substance that other substances are getting dissolved in

Question 17

solute

Answer 17

the substance being dissolved

Question 18

Is water a universal solvent?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

What attracts to polar molecules

Answer 19

othe polar molecules

Question 20

Auto-ionization

Answer 20

when one atom completely takes the sharing electron. Water does this

Question 21

What is pH?

Answer 21

an exponential measurement of H+ concentration

Question 22

What makes a substance more acidic?

Answer 22

a higher concentration of H+. pH of 7 or lower

Question 23

What makes a substance more alkaline?

Answer 23

a higher concentration of OH-. a pH of 7 or higher

Question 24

What makes carbon special chemically?

Answer 24

It can bond to a lot of different atoms. It can make 4 bonds. It can bond to other carbons.

Question 25

What is an Isomer?

Answer 25

a compound that has the same type and number of atoms but a different structure

Question 26

What is a specific isomer?

Answer 26

cis-trans isomer etc.

Question 27

What is a polymer?

Answer 27

a long repeating chain of monomers

Question 28

What is a monomer?

Answer 28

a single unit of a polymer

Question 29

What are the four main families that makeup cells?

Answer 29

nucleic acid, proteins, lipids, and polysacchrides

Question 30

What is nucleic acid made of?

Answer 30

nucliotides

Question 31

What is a protein made of?

Answer 31

amino acids

Question 32

what is a polysaccharide made of?

Answer 32

monosaccharide

Question 33

What do carbohydrates do?

Answer 33

fuel and provide structure

Question 34

What do proteins do?

Answer 34

speed up chemical reactions. provide structure. transport things. cell communication. defense

Question 35

What do lipids do?

Answer 35

make up the cell membrane or cells and organells

Question 36

what is amphipathic?

Answer 36

has both a polar and nonpolar part like a lipid

Question 37

What are the four structure levels of proteins?

Answer 37

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and quatermary

Question 38

What does nucleic acid do?

Answer 38

store, transmit and help express information

Question 39

What matches with A’s in DNA?

Answer 39

T

Question 40

What matches with C’s

Answer 40

G

Question 41

What is the backbone of DNA

Answer 41

sugar-phosphate