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229 Pharm > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is parenteral route of administration

A

Outside GI (IV, IO, IM)

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2
Q

What effect will dehydration have on the admission of drugs

A

Less body water = water soluble drugs have smaller area for distribution which increases concentrations of the drug in the blood

Loss of electrolytes can cause cell channels to function improperly causing drug to not be used

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3
Q

What is biotransformation? And how it works according to liver failure

A

Metabolism of the drug forming metabolites. Liver failure will leave drug in system longer and not metabolize

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4
Q

You have given the wrong drug, what do you do?

A

Reverse the action if possible, immediately notify the receiving medical doctor, physician advisor, and document.

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5
Q

Official drug name has USP

A

On the end

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6
Q

Pure food and drug act 1906

A

First legislation. Little more than labeling of drugs. Created FDA

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7
Q

What does it take to be on the schedule 1 drug list

A

No medicinal value, highly addictive, high potential for abuse – Heroine, MJ

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8
Q

Why are peds, pregnancy and geriatric patients a special consideration when giving drugs

A

Peds all weight based, certain drug can affect fetus, drug interact differently for geriatrics (body water, metabolism, liver failure, kidney failure)

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9
Q

Therapeutic dose, min. dose, max dose, and toxic dose

A

Therapeutic = effective, beneficial in 50%
Min = minimum to have beneficial effect
Max = below is therapeutic, above is toxic. 24 hours
Toxic = Toxicity in 50%

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10
Q

Renopathy effects elimination

A

Kidneys. If they don’t work, drug wont leave

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11
Q

Facilitated transport with glucose and insulin

A

Facilitated diffusion carrier proteins shuttle molecules across membrane without using energy. Insulin allows for cells to use glucose. No insulin needed in brain or placenta

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12
Q

Steps to IM injection essay

A

PPE. Assemble equipment. Explain procedure. Check 6 Rights for med. Clean site with ETOH, in to out. Spread skin. Insert at 90. Draw back for blood aspiration - push if none. Remove, massage, and hold pressure. Dispose of needle. Monitor pt.

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13
Q

4 complications of IV therapy

A

Pain, local infection, pyrogenic reaction, cath shear, arterial puncture, thrombus formation, air embolism, necrosis

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14
Q

Explain administration of hypertonic in relation to the cells- crenation

A

Hypertonic solution draws water out of cell. Cell shrinks and dies. Can cause hyperK. D50

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15
Q

Define Teratogenic

A

Harmful/kills fetus

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16
Q

Define gauge

A

Size of needle/catheter. Smaller gauge is larger

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17
Q

Define transdermal

A

Absorbed through skin

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18
Q

Define parenteral

A

Any route outside of the GI system

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19
Q

Define sublingual

A

Underneath the tongue

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20
Q

Define buccal

A

Between the cheek and gums

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21
Q

Define drug

A

Chemicals to diagnose, treat and prevent disease

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22
Q

Define synergism

A

Combined effects of 2 medications where the result is greater than the parts. 1 + 1 = 3

23
Q

Define efficacy

A

The ability of the drug to produce a physiologic response

24
Q

Define bolus

A

A single dose/determined amount of a drug given over specified time

25
Q

Define pharmacokinetics

A

Action of the drug within the body. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion

26
Q

Define Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs to include their actions and effects

27
Q

Define analgesia

A

Pain relief

28
Q

Define potentiate

A

To increase the effect of

29
Q

Describe the responsibilities of a medic as it applies to Schedule 2 drugs

A

Schedule 2 are highly abused, highly addictive. Narcs. Keep locked up, document appropriately.

30
Q

Name 2 hypertensive drugs (class)

A

Metoprolol- Beta blocker
Capoten (Captopril)- Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

Betablockers
ACE inhibitors
ARB’s

31
Q

Name 2 depression drugs (class)

A

SSRI’s
MAOI’s
Tricyclics

32
Q

Where it the sciatic nerve located?

A

Located at the gluteal muscle

33
Q

What is the DEA

A

agency that has authority over the use, abuse, and regulation of medically approved control substances.

34
Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Spontaneous passive transport of molecules across membrane via proteins

35
Q

Pure Food Drug Act 1906

A

Drug labeling. Created FDA

36
Q

Administering the wrong drug

A

immediately notify the receiving medical doctor, physician advisor, and document.

37
Q

Where does biotransformation occur?

A

The liver

38
Q

Steps for IM administration

A

Confirm the medication order, ensure appropriate PPE. Assemble necessary equipment and explain the procedure to the Pt. Follow 6 rights of medication administration and prepare the correct dose. Select appropriate injection site and clean with alcohol pad in circular motion starting from center and working outwards. Allow alcohol to dry.
Spread skin at injection site
While holding skin taught, insert needle at a 90-degree angle using a quick darting motion
Draw back plunger to look for aspiration, if blood is present remove needle and look for a different spot. If no blood is present, push plunger with a continuous motion to inject the desired dosage of the medication. Quickly withdraw the needle, and gently massage the injection site to help disperse the medication into the muscle. Apply a sterile gauze pad or bandage if bleeding is present. Properly dispose of needle in sharps container and watch the Pt. for desired/ adverse effects. Properly document procedure.

39
Q

6 Rights for Medication administration

A

Right patient
Right Drug
Right Dose
Right Time
Right Route
Right Documentation

40
Q

Responsibilities for the paramedic and schedule II drugs

A
41
Q

Hypertension drug classes

A

Beta Blocker and ACE inhibitor

42
Q

Depression Drug classes

A

tricyclic and SSRI and MAOI

43
Q

Effects of Beta Blockers

A
44
Q

Effects of Beta Adernergic drugs

A
45
Q

Cellulitis or abscess

A

Can occur after parenteral IM drug administration

46
Q

Nebulized is considered a parenteral

A

Route of delivery

47
Q

Define Therapeutic dose

A

dose required to produce a beneficial effect in 50% of the population

48
Q

Define toxic dose

A

The dose which caused toxicity in 50% of the population

49
Q

Define max dose

A

Maximum dose that can be administered in 24 hours based on body size

50
Q

Define minimum dose

A

The smallest amount of drug that will produce the desired effect in the patient

51
Q

What is latrogeny

A

Injury caused by treatment

52
Q

Define sterile

A

Free of all forms of life

53
Q

Define Medically clean

A

involves the carefully handling to prevent contamination

229 Pharm (3 decks)

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