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CHE 110 > EXAM 1 > Flashcards

EXAM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Physical laws used to describe the energy and motion of very small objects, like subatomic particles

A

Quantum mechanics

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2
Q

Set of laws used to describe energy and motion of larger objects

A

Classical mechanics

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3
Q

Studies the motions of objects

A

Mechanics

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4
Q

Quantum mechanical model of the atom theory

A
  1. Energy is absorbed, released, and stored for atoms and molecules
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5
Q

A vibrating disturbance by which energy is transmitted through space

A

Wave

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6
Q

Number of times per second of the wave

A

Frequencies

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7
Q

Average of its displacement (A)
The vertical distance from the midline of a wave to the peak or trough
Proportional to the intensity

A

Amplitude

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8
Q

Speed at which the wavelength water moves forward

A

Velocity

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9
Q

Distances between the crests of the wave

A

Wavelength

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10
Q

How to find speed (velocity)

A

V= wavelength x frequency

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11
Q

Comprises only a very small fraction of all wavelengths of light

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

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12
Q

Wavelength of light

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

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13
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum keys

A

Left to right: shorter the wavelength higher the frequency greater the energy

Right side has shorter waves, high energy
Left smaller waves, low energy

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14
Q

How to find frequency

A

Frequency= speed of light (3.0x10^8) / wavelength

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15
Q

How to find wavelength

A

Wavelength= speed of light/ frequency

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16
Q

Interaction between waves

A

Interference

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17
Q

Two waves interact so that they add to make a larger wave

A

Constructive interference

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18
Q

The peak of one wave and the peak of another superimpose to re-Inforce eachother

A

Phase

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19
Q

The waves meet and cancel eachother out, you have a flat line

A

Destructive

20
Q

Peak of one wave and through of the other superimpose perfectly to cancel eachother out

A

Out of phase

21
Q

The property of heated molecules to release EM radiation
Electricity when both make the burner molecules will vibrate fast
It is not particular a wavelength but it is over a spectrum of different temps of all waves
Cannot use classical mechanics
If you assume that light behaves like a photo then the prediction fits the data

A

Black body radiation

22
Q

Plancks Idea

A

Explained black body radiation, assumed light is full of photons

23
Q

A massless particle that acts like light, colors have same photons (for light beams)

A

Photon

24
Q

Atoms and molecules can only emit and absorb in small amounts

A

Quanta

25
Q

How to find energy of a photon

A

Hvphoton
Frequency = c/wavelength
Photon= h(c/wavelentght)

26
Q
  • Where light strikes the surge ace of a metal and expels an electron into space but only if the light has required energy
  • Total energy of the light= energy needed to release the electron off the metal + kinetic energy of the ejected electron
  • classical mechanics predicted that, given the light was bright, all colors frequencies of light should cause ejection of a proton but it was a fail
A

Photoelectric effect

27
Q

Photo electric effect equation

A

TElight= BEelectron + KEelectgron
TElight= BE electron
hv= BEelectron
Vlight= BEelectron/h

OR

KEe= H(c/wavelength light) -BEe

28
Q

Contains all wavelengths of visible light, it is smear from red to violet like seen in a rainbow, this is seen in black body radiation when you heat a solid to a very high temp and molecules vibrate (white line)

A

Continuous spectra

29
Q

When purified elements are energized and as a result have light emission only at a specific wavelength, this is caused by electrons jumping between energy levels, heating or using electric are, energized a sample until it prodiuces light, light is passed through a primsm
Colored lines

A

Line spectra

30
Q

To explain why elements emit only discrete wavelengths of light
- energy of an electron was quantized and that the amount of energy of an electron was quantized and that the amount of energy in the electron was related to the electrons distance from the nucleus
- electrons do not travel in orbits

A

Bohr model

31
Q

Bright line spectra

A

Emission

32
Q

Dark line spectra

A

Absorption

33
Q

Traveling waves encounter an obstacle or opening in a barrier that is about the same size as the wavelength, they bend
- waves pass through, bend and go off in different directions

A

Diffraction

34
Q

Is the de brogile wave a electromagnetic radiation

A

No

35
Q

De brogile equation

A

Wavelength = h/ mv

36
Q
  1. A single electron can occupy different places at the same time
  2. A single electron can have two or more different velocities at the same time
A

Heinsenburg theory

37
Q

The idea tha an electron can be at 2 or more places at the same time, predicts all successful standing waves that can form sphere sizes , define region in the space and electron density

A

Schrodinger

38
Q

The range of velocities that electrons can occupy is inversely related to the range of positions it can occupy

A

Heisenburg uncertainty principle

39
Q

Size of atoms, range of positions equation

A

(Deltax)(mdeltav) > h/ 4pi

40
Q

Electrons have a wave nature

Uncertainty principle

Energies of electrons are quantized

A

Wave mechanical model

41
Q

Locations and energies of these orbitals are determined by math functions

A

Wave functions

42
Q

Locations were the electrons reside in the atom and are regions of space which have a high probability of finding electrons

A

Orbitals

43
Q

Four quantum numbers

A

The principle
Angular momentum
Magnetic
Spin

44
Q

Distance from the nucleus and the energy of the electron
The farther out, the higher the energy and more unstable
Main energy level and shell
1,2,3,4

A

Principle quantum

45
Q

Shape of orbital, sub level of energy/sub shell
L
0,1,2 (n-1)
S=0
P=1
D=2
F=3
G=4

A

Angular momentum

46
Q

Magnetic quantum ml
Ml= -1, 0,1….+1

A

Magnetic quantum

CHE 110 (2 decks)

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