Exam 1:

Question 1

What is meant by the term Von Neumann architecture?

Answer 1

Both data and instructions share the same memory
A single bus for both instructions and data

Question 2

What is one way Harvard differs from Von Neumann?

Answer 2

Separate memory for data and instructions

Question 3

What features of a newer processor would increase performance?

Answer 3

Higher clock speed
More cores

Question 4

What are 3 little man computer values?

Answer 4

10, 60, 200

Question 5

How would you set the value of a little man computer to zero?

Answer 5

LDA total
SUB total
STA total
HLT

Question 6

What is pipelining?

Answer 6

One instruction can be fetched while another is being decoded and another is being executed
Completing multiple fetch execute decode cycles at once
Output of 1 instruction is input of another

Question 7

What is one benefit of using pipelining?

Answer 7

More instructions being carried out in a set amount of time
Increases performance/speed for the program to finish

Question 8

How is the accumulator used in the fetch execute decode cycle?

Answer 8

Holds all inputs/outputs
Holds results of calculations

Question 9

How is the program counter used in the fetch execute decode cycle?

Answer 9

Increments by one on each cycle
Holds the address/location of next instruction to be executed

Question 10

What are three other registers used in fetch decode execute cycle?

Answer 10

Memory address register
Memory data register
Current instruction register

Question 11

RISC vs CISC AO1?

Answer 11

CISC- complex instruction set, lots of instructions available
RISC- reduced instruction set, small number of instructions available
CISC- more circuits and transistors then RISC so harder to make
RISC-instructions take 1 cycle

Question 12

RISC vs CISC AO2?

Answer 12

CISC- would run the same software as the desktop machines, more expensive to buy, got to buy cooling units in the phone
RISC- requires software to be written specifically for it, smaller longer lasting battery, do require greater RAM as longer scripts of code

Question 13

RISC vs CISC AO3?

Answer 13

CISC- save money on software but more expensive
RISC- investment in software but cheaper to invest in, better performance battery wise

Question 14

What is a primary key?

Answer 14

A unique identifier

Question 15

What is the foreign key, where is it used?

Answer 15

PackageType
Membership

Question 16

What data type is a decimal point?

Answer 16

float

Question 17

What type of data can be said to be boolean?

Answer 17

True/False

Question 18

What is the structure of a SQL query?

Answer 18

SELECT
FROM
WHERE
ORDER BY

Question 19

What is a method of capturing data and what are its benefits?

Answer 19

Form
Can validate data to check for errors in their info

Question 20

What does it mean if a transaction is durable?

Answer 20

A data or a transaction cannot be lost in the event of a system failure

Question 21

What is one way durability can be achieved?

Answer 21

Once a transaction is completed store it in secondary storage

Question 22

How does record locking work?

Answer 22

record locking allows only one person to access a piece of data at a time
outcome of concurrent processing is the same as if transactions were completed sequentially

Question 23

What is a disadvantage of record locking?

Answer 23

Can cause delays

Question 24

How does the copyright act work for videos?

Answer 24

The creator of the video is given the copyright
This act makes it illegal to distribute videos as your own without permission

Question 25

Advantages and disadvantages for lossy compression on a video?

Answer 25

Lossless can recreate the original file/Lossy permanently deletes the data Lossless keeps video quality the same/Lossy reduces the quality of the video Lossy video will buffer less when STREAMING/Lossless video will buffer more

Question 26

Creating a class for video?

Answer 26

class video private name private views private starting public procedure new(newName) name = newName views = 0 starrating = 3 endprocedure endless

Question 27

How to create another procedure for video

Answer 27

public procedure updateviews() views = views + 1 endprocedure

Question 28

what is the long binary number in denary?

Answer 28

-149

Question 29

What is the pattern for normalised?

Answer 29

Left Right Left Left

Question 30

Artificial intelligence essay AO1?

Answer 30

Artificial intelligence is used for computer systems that require human intelligence. AI is generated by programmers Machine learning is where a machine improves its performance through experience

Question 31

Artificial intelligence essay AO2?

Answer 31

AI follows a program so if the program has bias so does the AI Machine learning depends on the data it is given so also biased Need large sets of data

Question 32

Artificial intelligence essay AO3?

Answer 32

Thorough testing is required multiple programmers scrutiny of code and of data given

Question 33

What is the purpose of a translator?

Answer 33

Convert high level code to low level code

Question 34

What are two differences between a compiler and a interpreter?

Answer 34

Compiler translates all code at once interpreter does line by line at runtime Compiler creates a reusable executable file however interpreter needs to be used every time

Question 35

Lexical analysis table?

Answer 35

Left Left Right Left Middle

Question 36

What is the purpose of code optimisation?

Answer 36

Make the program run faster Make the program use less memory

Question 37

What code do you need to fill in?

Answer 37

and asc(c) <= 90 capCount = capCount + 1 return capCount

Question 38

What is a similarity of ASCII and Unicode?

Answer 38

Both use binary to represent character sets

Question 39

What are two differences between ASCII and Unicode?

Answer 39

ASCII has fewer characters ASCII is limited to Latin/English/European characters

Question 40

Waterfall vs spiral AO1?

Answer 40

Spiral made up of: Determine risk- develop and manage risk- develop and test- plan next iteration Waterfall made up of: Analysis, design, development, test

Question 41

Waterfall vs spiral AO2?

Answer 41

Spiral uses regular feedback Spiral creates regular working prototypes Waterfall is very structured Waterfall must get design right at start Waterfall hard to make changes

Question 42

Waterfall vs spiral AO3?

Answer 42

Spiral involves client feedback and evolving prototypes - better when requirements may change Waterfall- better when requirements are definitely clearly written out

Question 43

Why is first come first serve used at a printer?

Answer 43

All documents have equal priority Creates a printer queue

Question 44

Why does the computers OS use round robin for allocating processor time?

Answer 44

Enables multitasking to take place Limits each process to a certain amount of time - so that the OS can cycle through all of the different processes

Question 45

Describe one other scheduling algorithm?

Answer 45

Shortest remaining time: Process that has the shortest time remaining is completed first

Question 46

What happens at application layer in TCP/IP stack?

Answer 46

It finds what protocol to use Adds encryption to the data Passes and receives from transport layer Unpacks the packets taking off headers and non viewable data decrypts and shows message

Question 47

What happens at the link layer?

Answer 47

Receives/passes data to/from the internet layer Adds MAC addresses Passes and recieves data via routers