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anatomy II > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

caudodorsal abdominal wall VAN

A

deep circumflex iliac a.
lateral cutaneous femoral n.

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2
Q

craniodorsal abdominal wall VAN

A

cranial abdominal a.

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3
Q

caudoventral abdominal wall VAN

A

caudal epigastric a.
caudal superficial epigastric a.

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4
Q

cranioventral abdominal wall VAN

A

cranial epigastric a.
cranial superficial epigastric a.

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5
Q

ventral branch of spinal n. L1

A

cranial iliohypogastric n.

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6
Q

ventral branch of spinal n. L2

A

caudal iliohypogastric n.

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7
Q

ventral branch of spinal n. L3

A

ilioinguinal n.

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8
Q

ventral branch of spinal n. L4

A

lateral cutaneous femoral n.

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9
Q

lateral cutaneous femoral n. runs with

A

deep circumflex iliac a.

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10
Q

branches from L3 and L4 form the

A

genitofemoral n.

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11
Q

intrathoracic viscera

A

liver
spleen
stomach

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12
Q

lateral intrathoracic border of the abdominal cavity

A

ribs and intercostal m.

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13
Q

lateral extrathoracic border of the abdominal cavity

A

abdominal wall m.

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14
Q

cranial border of the abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

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15
Q

ventral border of the abdominal cavity

A

rectus abdominis

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16
Q

caudal border of the abdominal cavity

A

pelvic inlet

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17
Q

dorsal border of the abdominal cavity

A

vertebrae
sublumbar m.
diaphragm cura

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18
Q

dorsal boundary of pelvic inlet

A

promontory of sacrum

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19
Q

lateral boundary of pelvic inlet

A

arcuate line of ilium

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20
Q

ventral boundary of pelvic inlet

A

pecten of the pubis

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21
Q

true or false: there are organs or tissues within the peritoneal cavity

A

false

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22
Q

greater omentum runs from

A

dorsal body wall to stomach greater curvature

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23
Q

superficial leaf of g. omentum contains

A

spleen

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24
Q

deep leaf of g. omentum contains

A

L lobe of pancreas

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25
Q

gastrosplenic ligament connects

A

spleen hilus to g. curvature of stomach

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26
Q

vessels carries by the gastrosplenic lig.

A

short gastric a.
left gastroepiploic a.

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27
Q

omental veil connects

A

g. omentum to descending colon

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28
Q

potential space b/w the superficial and deep leaves of omentum

A

omental bursa

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29
Q

narrow opening to the omental bursa

A

epiploic foramen

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30
Q

dorsal border of epiploic foramen

A

caudal vena cava

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31
Q

ventral border of epiploic foramen

A

portal vein

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32
Q

lesser omenum runs from

A

lesser curvature of stomach to liver

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33
Q

the ___ is enveloped in the lesser omentum

A

liver papillary process

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34
Q

which 2 ligaments of the lesser omentum b/w the liver and duodenum/stomach contain the portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct

A

hepatoduodenal lig.
hepatogastric lig.

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35
Q

mesoduodenum b/w

A

dorsal abd. wall to duodenum

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36
Q

mesoduodenum encloses the __ lobe of the pancreas

A

R

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37
Q

passes vessels and nerves to the jejunum and ileum

A

mesentery

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38
Q

descending mesocolon connects to the deep leaf by the

A

omental veil

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39
Q

lig. that acts as a fat storage in adults and contains the round lig. of the liver in young dogs

A

falciform ligament

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40
Q

a. that supplies the spinal cord and epaxial m.

A

lumbar a. (paired)

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41
Q

cranial adrenal a. branches arise from

A

caudal phrenic a.

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42
Q

caudal adrenal a. branches arise from

A

renal a.

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43
Q

the deep circumflex iliac a. runs w/ what n.

A

lateral cutaneous femoral n. (L4)

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44
Q

R gastric a. anastomoses w/

A

L gastric a.

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45
Q

R gastroepiploic a. anastomoses w/

A

L gastroepiploic

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46
Q

cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. anastomoses w/

A

caudal pancreaticoduodenal a.

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47
Q

middle colic a. anastomoses w/

A

L colic a.

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48
Q

mesenteric ilial a. branch anastomoses w/

A

ileal a.

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49
Q

veins satellite to paired a. drain into the

A

caudal vena cava

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50
Q

which v. drain into the caudal vena cava

A

renal v.
ovarian/testicular v.
deep circumflex iliac v.

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51
Q

the L ovarian/testicular v. merges into the ___ before merging into the caudal vena cava

A

L renal v.

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52
Q

veins satellite to unpaired a. drain into the

A

hepatic portal v.

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53
Q

which v. drain into the hepatic portal v.

A

gastroduodenal v.
splenic v.
cranial mesenteric v.
caudal mesenteric v.

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54
Q

lumbar and mesenteric l.n. drain into the

A

cisterna chyli

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55
Q

what 3 a. supply the stomach

A

hepatic
splenic
L. gastric

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56
Q

what ducts secrete via the major duodenal papilla

A

bile duct
pancreatic duct

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57
Q

what ducts secrete via the minor duodenal papilla

A

accessory pancreatic ducts

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58
Q

the ascending duodenum is attached to the descending colon by the

A

duodenocolic fold

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59
Q

the ileum joins the ascending colon via the

A

ileocolic orifice

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60
Q

the ileum connects to the cecum by the ___; but it is not an opening from the ileum to the cecum

A

ileocecal fold

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61
Q

which a. supply the duodenum

A

cranial and caudal pancreaticoduodenal a.

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62
Q

which a. supply the jejunum

A

jejunal a.

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63
Q

which a. supply the ileum

A

ileocolic a.
ileal a.

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64
Q

which 2 major a. supply the intestines

A

cranial and caudal mesenteric a.

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65
Q

what a. supply the cecum

A

cecal a. (ileocolic a.)

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66
Q

what a. supply the ascending colon

A

colic branch of ileocolic a.
right colic a.

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67
Q

what a. supply the transverse colon

A

right colic a.
middle colic. a.

68
Q

what a. supply the descending colon

A

middle colic a.
left colic a.

69
Q

ligament around a triangular bare area of the liver, continued on the dorsal surface of the caudal vena cava to the diaphragm

A

coronary lig

70
Q

lig. b/w the diaphragm and the dorsal part of the right lateral lobe of the liver

A

r. triangular lig.

71
Q

lig. b/w the L lateral lobe of the liver to the diaphragm

A

L. triangular lig.

72
Q

remnant of the primitive ventral mesentery

A

falciform lig.

73
Q

remnant of the umbilical vein

A

round lig.

74
Q

lig. from caudate process of caudate lobe to R. kidney

A

hepatorenal lig.

75
Q

what 2 lig. are part of the lesser omentum and contain the bile duct, hepatic a. , portal v. , lymph vessels and nerves

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal lig.

76
Q

which v. drains the pancreas, stomach, duodenum and greater omentum

A

gastroduodenal v.

77
Q

which v. drains the spleen, stomach, pancreas and greater omentum

A

splenic v.

78
Q

which v. drains the jejunum, ileum, caudal duodenum and R lobe of the pancreas

A

cranial mesenteric v.

79
Q

which v. drains the cecum and the colon

A

caudal mesenteric v.

80
Q

what a. supply the pancreas

A

cranial and caudal pancreaticoduodenal a.

81
Q

what a. supply the spleen

A

splenic a.

82
Q

why are the kidneys considered retroperitoneal

A

covered by peritoneum only on the ventral side

83
Q

parasympathetic innervation of the abdominal viscera by

A

vagus n

84
Q

the stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas and small intestine is innervated by nerves of the

A

celiac ganglion

85
Q

the small intestine, ascending and transverse colon are innervated by nerves of the

A

cranial mesenteric ganglion

86
Q

the descending colon and rectum are innervated by nerves of the

A

caudal mesenteric ganglion

87
Q

yellow elastic layer that covers the external abdominal oblique in large animals

A

tunica flava abdominis

88
Q

hypertrophy of external abdominal oblique in horses caused by a chronic allergic resp. condition causing forced expiration

A

heave line

89
Q

tendon which attached abdominal m. to the pelvic skeleton in horses; also creates the accessory ligaments at the hip joints preventing them from kicking sideways

A

prepubic tendon

90
Q

main areas of microbial fermentation in horses

A

cecum
ascending colon

91
Q

what parts of the equine stomach are in contact with the left lateral abdominal wall

A

cardia and fundus (saccus cecus)

92
Q

why do horses rarely vomit

A

well developed cardiac sphincter and oblique entrance of esophagus

93
Q

cardia of the equine stomach is approximately located at

A

rib 11

94
Q

stepped edge that divides the interior of the equine stomach

A

margo plicatus

95
Q

which region of the equine stomach is larger, white, rough and made up of the cardia, fundus and part of the body

A

nonglandular

96
Q

which region of the equine stomach is reddish and softer, made up of part of the body and pyloric part

A

glandular

97
Q

the flexure between the cranial duodenum and descending duodenum in the equine is known as ____, due to its “s” shape

A

sigmoid flexure

98
Q

the equine large intestine have sacculations called ___; as a result of the shortening of taeniae

A

haustra

99
Q

which parts of the equine colon make up the large colon

A

ascending and transverse

100
Q

what area of the equine colon has no haustra

A

left dorsal colon

101
Q

order of equine colon

A

cecum
R ventral colon
L ventral colon
L dorsal colon
R dorsal colon
transverse colon
descending colon

102
Q

number of taeniae at each level of the equine colon

A

4-4-4-1-3-2-2

103
Q

4 sites in the equine that are prone to impaction, due to going from a wide to narrow opening

A

ileal osteum
cecum
pelvic flexure
R dorsal colon to transverse

104
Q

location of the equine liver

A

to the R against the diaphragm; no contact w/ ventral body wall

105
Q

the horse does not have a gallbladder, or ____ of the liver

A

papillary process

106
Q

where is the stomach located in the equine

A

mostly L side

107
Q

where is the jejunum located in the equine

A

L dorsal abdomen

108
Q

where is the base of the cecum located in the equine

A

R dorsal

109
Q

where is the body of the cecum located in the equine

A

R cranioventral

110
Q

where is the apex of the cecum located in the equine

A

R medioventral

111
Q

what flexure is between the R ventral colon and L ventral colon in the equine

A

ventral diaphragmatic flexure

112
Q

what flexure is between the L ventral colon and L dorsal colon in the equine

A

pelvic flexure

113
Q

what flexure is between the L dorsal colon and R dorsal colon

A

dorsal diaphragmatic flexure

114
Q

what is the most fixed part of the equine colon

A

R dorsal colon

115
Q

what is the narrowest part of the equine colon

A

transverse colon

116
Q

where is the descending colon located in the equine

A

dorsal caudal L abdomen

117
Q

where is the spleen located in the equine

A

L dorsal abdomen

118
Q

where is the liver located in the equine

A

cranial abdomen to the R against the diaphragm

119
Q

which m. in the bovine is well developed ventrally

A

cutaneous trunci

120
Q

in the bovine, you enter the ___ from the L paralumbar fossa

A

rumen

121
Q

in the bovine, you enter the ____ from the R paralumbar fossa

A

cecum

122
Q

bovine T12 spinal n.

A

intercostal n.

123
Q

bovine T13 spinal n.

A

costoabdominal n.

124
Q

bovine L1 spinal n.

A

iliohypogastric n.

125
Q

bovine L2 spinal n.

A

ilioinguinal n.

126
Q

bovine L3 and L4 spinal n.

A

genitofemoral n.

127
Q

which bovine spinal nerves are important for local anesthesia

A

T13-L2

128
Q

the superficial leaf of the greater omentum attaches to the ____ passing cranial to the reticulum

A

L longitudinal groove of the rumen

129
Q

which part of the rumen is retroperitoneal

A

rumen roof

130
Q

which part of the omentum encloses the ruminant intestine, opening caudally

A

supraomental recess

131
Q

in ruminants, the lesser omentum runs from

A

visceral surface of the liver to the lesser curvature of the abomasum

132
Q

the lesser omentum covers the ____ in ruminants

A

omasum

133
Q

fatty thickening from the lesser omentum which marks the position of the abomasum and pylorus

A

pig’s ear

134
Q

which part of the rumen is smooth/pale

A

reticular groove

135
Q

divides the rumen into dorsal/ventral sacs (horizontal)

A

L/R longitudinal pillars

136
Q

accompanies the longitudinal pillars

A

L/R accessory pillars

137
Q

separates the cranial part of the dorsal sac of the rumen (oblique)

A

cranial pillar

138
Q

mark the dorsal/ventral blind sacs (vertical)

A

L/R dorsal/ventral coronary pillars

139
Q

separate the dorsal/ventral blind sacs

A

caudal pillar

140
Q

the rumen is divided internally by pillars and externally by ____

A

grooves

141
Q

prominent gutter in the rumen that descends from the cardia and forms the reticular groove

A

reticular fold

142
Q

3 successive grooves of the gastric groove

A

reticular groove
omasal groove
abomasal groove

143
Q

function of reticular groove

A

channel for milk to go directly from esophagus to abomasum

144
Q

location of reticulum

A

cranial to rumen
mainly L side
6th-8th ribs

145
Q

rumen and reticulum communicate via the U shaped

A

ruminoreticular fold

146
Q

omasum and reticulum are connected by

A

reticuloomasal opening

147
Q

the omasum is intrathoracic, located on the R, and goes from vertebrae

A

T8-T11

148
Q

the omasum is ventrally attached to the abomasum by

A

omasoabomasal orifice

149
Q

two folds at the omasoabomasal opening form a valve known as

A

vela abomascia

150
Q

“true” stomach, lies on the abdominal floor, inside lines by slime covered mucosa

A

abomasum

151
Q

swelling that narrows the pyloric passage into the abomasum

A

torus pyloricus

152
Q

location of intestine in ruminants

A

right dorsally

153
Q

coils of the ____ are located mostly in the supraomental recess

A

jejunum

154
Q

ascending colon parts (ruminant)

A

proximal loop - sigmoid flexure
centripetal coils (2 bovine) (3-4 sm. R)
central flexure
centrifugal coils (2 bovine) (3-4 sm.)
distal loop

155
Q

small ruminants “pearl necklace” made up by

A

centrifugal coils (pelleted content)

156
Q

bovine liver location

A

almost entirely to the R

157
Q

bovine liver extends from ___ ribs

A

6th-13th

158
Q

T or F: bovine have both caudate and papillary processes of caudate lobe

A

T

159
Q

T or F: bovine have a gallbladder

A

T

160
Q

dorsal part of the spleen in bovine is

A

retroperitoneal

161
Q

ventral part of spleen runs over the

A

reticulum

162
Q

in bovine the accessory pancreatic duct runs to

A

minor duodenal papilla

163
Q

in small ruminants the pancreatic duct joins the bile duct at the

A

major duodenal papilla

164
Q

bovine have a ___ type kidney

A

multi-pyramidal

165
Q

bovine R kidney located ventral to last rib and ___

A

L1-L3

166
Q

bovine L kidney located ventral to

A

L2-L4

anatomy II (3 decks)

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