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Organizational Behavior > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Organizational behavior

A

Study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, the organization itself

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2
Q

Planning

A

Determining an organization’s desired future
position and the best means of getting there

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3
Q

Organizing

A

Designing jobs, grouping jobs into units, and
establishing patterns of authority between jobs
and units

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4
Q

Leading

A

Getting organizational members to work together toward the organization’s goals

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5
Q

Controlling

A

Monitoring and correcting the actions of the
organization and its members to keep them
directed toward their goals

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6
Q

interactionalism

A

Explains how people select, interpret, and change various situations

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7
Q

contextualism

A

organizational problems or solutions must be evaluated in terms of elements in which the situation then suggests contingent or situational ways of responding

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8
Q

universalism

A

organizational problems or situations determine the one best way of responding

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9
Q

individualism

A

Value and recognize people for their individual skills and abilities

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10
Q

Contemporary organizational behavior types

A

Individual, group, and organizational level

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11
Q

Individual level outcomes

A

productivity, performance, absenteeism, turnover, attitudes, stress

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12
Q

group level outcomes

A

productivity, performance, norms, cohesiveness

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13
Q

Organizational level outcomes

A

Productivity, absenteeism, turnover, financial performance, survival, stakeholder satisfacation

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14
Q

Organizational level outcomes

A

Productivity, absenteeism, turnover, financial performance, survival, stakeholder satisfaction

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15
Q

Globalization

A
  • Advances in communication and transportation
  • the internationalization of business activities
  • Growth by expansion into international markets
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16
Q

Individualistic society

A

the extent that people in a culture define themselves as individuals rather than as a part of a group

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17
Q

Collectivist society

A

the tight social frameworks where people tend to base their identities on the group or organization to which they belong

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18
Q

Surface level dimension of diversity

A

Something that can be seen directly such as race, gender, physical traits

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19
Q

Deep level dimension of diversity

A

Something that cannot be seen directly such as goals, values, skills, sexual orientation, abilities, attitudes

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20
Q

Culture

A

A set of shared values that help people in a group, organization, or society understand which actions are considered acceptable and unacceptable

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21
Q

How Culture applies to organizations

A

Behavior in organizational settings varies across cultures
Cultural diversity can be a source of synergy with effectiveness

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22
Q

Psychological Contract

A

A person’s overall set of expectations regarding what he or she will contribute to the organization and what the organization will provide back to the individual

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23
Q

Perception

A

Process by which an individual becomes aware of, selects, and interprets information about the environment

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24
Q

Selective perception

A

screening out information that causes discomfort or that contradicts with our beliefs

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25
Q

Stereotyping

A

Categorizing or labeling on the basis of a single attribute or characteristic

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26
Q

Person-job fit

A

compare applicant personality, interest, value, or organizational culture preference information to the characteristics of the job or organization.

27
Q

Big 5 personality traits

A

Extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientious, neuroticism

28
Q

neuroticism

A

Sadness, moodiness, and emotional instability

29
Q

Crystalized intelligence

A

intelligence reflected in a persons general knowledge, vocabulary, and reasoning based on given information

30
Q

Fluid intelligence

A

The ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems

31
Q

external locus of control

A

people who believe everything that happens is outside their control

32
Q

internal locus of control

A

people who believe everything that happens is within their control

33
Q

Cognitive dissonance

A

When a person holds contradictory beliefs

34
Q

Eustress

A

Stress which enables a person to perform better

35
Q

distress

A

the stress caused when a person is very scared, sad, or anxious

36
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

37
Q

Alarm

A

Your body reacts to the stress

38
Q

Resistance

A

body adjusts to the stress

39
Q

Exhaustion

A

enduring stress drains your physical, mental, and emotional, resources causing fatigue, burnout, and decreased stress tolerance

40
Q

Attribution theory

A

How a person perceives the information they receive, interpret events, and form casual judgements

41
Q

Organizational Citizenship

A

all of the positive and constructive actions taken by an employee that is not a part of their job description

42
Q

P=M+A+E

A

Performance equals motivation plus, ability plus environment

43
Q

Need based motivation

A

The primary motive is to satisfy a need

44
Q

Process based motivation

A

assume there is a reason why people chose certain behaviors to satisfy a need

45
Q

Self-determination theory

A

The opposite of cognitive dissonance, they use extrinsic and intrinsic motivation

46
Q

Expectancy theory

A

the connection between effort, rewards, and goals

47
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

a response or behavior is strengthened by taking away a negative outcome

48
Q

Autonomy

A

the degree to which a person has control over their work schedule and how the work is done

49
Q

Alternative work arrangements

A

arrangements that include flexible work schedules, job sharing, alternative working sites

50
Q

advantage for alternative work arrangements

A

increased productivity

51
Q

Goal difficulty

A

If a goal is achievable or not if it is too easy or too hard

52
Q

Goal specificity

A

how specific the goal is and whether it is vague or not

53
Q

Goal commitment

A

a person’s effort extended towards completing a goal

54
Q

Goal acceptance

A

if the employee accepts the goal as something he has to reach

55
Q

multi-rater feedback system

A

Feedback from a variety of sources such as coworkers, bosses, and subordinates

56
Q

360-degree performance

A

Feedback from all directions and everyone a person worked with

57
Q

Normative decision making

A

Most ideal decision for a given situation

58
Q

Descriptive decision making

A

How people actually behave in given situations

59
Q

The forces in decision making

A
60
Q

problems associated with weighing utility in decision making

A

this is when we choose something based off of weighing a utility of an outcome
problems are it assumes humans are always rations
assumes humans always choose the outcome with the highest utility

61
Q

decision making

A

When we choose an action from multiple possibilities to achieve an outcome

62
Q

problem solving

A

the set of cognitive processes that we apply to overcome obstacles to reach a goal

63
Q

A problem is ill defined if…

A

the problem has no clear goal state
the problem has no clear start state
the problem has no clear set of actions to achieve the goal

Organizational Behavior (1 decks)

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