Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The forebrain is made up of what structures

A

Cerebral hemispheres, the dienephalon

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2
Q

Majority of neurons in the central nervous system are:

A

Multipolar

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3
Q

Cells of the nervous system that play a role in injury and act like macrophages of the CNS are:

A

Microglia

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4
Q

Cells that play a direct role in regulation blood blow to active areas of the CNS are:

A

Astrocytes

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5
Q

Cells that are responsible for electrical insulation in the periphery are

A

Schwann Cells

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6
Q

The inability of a neuron to send info from its axon terminal to the nucleus would imply a problem with what protein?

A

Dynein

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7
Q

A stillborn infant exhibited severe facial abnormalities and upon autopsy it was discovered that the brain lacked significant gyri and sulci. At this point, the most likely diagnosis is

A

Holoprosencephaly

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8
Q

During the second trimester of a pregnant 24-year-old, abnormally high levels of alpha-fetoprotein are found in her blood. Such elevated levels may be indicative of what fetal abnormality?

A

Neural tube defect

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9
Q

Failure of the metanecephalon to develp correctly will have the greatest effect on

A

Motor functions

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10
Q

Failure of proper neural crest migration will have the greatest impact on

A

Myelination in the PNS

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11
Q

Failure of the rhombic lips to form properly will most likely lead to problems with

A

Coordination

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12
Q

Several lobes of the adult cerebrum have opercular parts; the opercular cover the

A

Insula

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13
Q

An older woman slips on the ice and snacks the back of her head on the sidewalk. What function/characteristic is most likely to be compromised from an injury to the posterior aspect of the cerebrum?

A

Vision

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14
Q

A hemisection lesion of the thoracic spinal cord(Brown-Sequard) produces the following deficit

A

Ipsilateral loss of volunary motor acticity below the level of the lesion

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15
Q

Top of brain
Bottom of brain
Front of brain
Back of brain
Terms (rostal, etc.)

A

Top - Dorsal
Bottom- Ventral
Front - Rostral
Back - Caudal

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16
Q

An older patient with a cerebellopontine angle tumor is most likely to have deficits associated with which cranial nerve?

A

VII

17
Q

An individual is seen at the medical clinic with the chief complant of a headache subsequent to a fall, which left her unconscious for an unknown period of time. Since the fall, the patient reports progressive weakness and tingling over one side of her body. You belueve it to be an epidural hematoma, likely caused by damage to:

A

The middle meningeal artery

18
Q

A young motorist involved in an auto accident walks away, seemingly unharmed after a 40-mph head on collision. Weakness and tingling began 2 weeks after the accident, leading the individual to see treatment at a medical clinic. CT reveals a massive crescent shaped hematoma. The most likely diagnosis is

A

Subdural hematoma

19
Q

Subsequent to a subdural hematoma, a patient experiences difficulty with voluntary eye movement, that is, when at rest the right eye looks “down and out,” as well as experiencing motor problems over the left side of the body.You suspect that the subdural hematoma caused tentorial herniation which has resulted in the compression of the

A

Right side of the midbrain

20
Q

Sensory innervation of the infratentorial compartment is provided primarily by

A

CN X

21
Q

A space-occupying lesion occupying the infrentorial compartment would have the greatest effect on

A

Balance and equilibrium

22
Q

Most CSF is resobred from the subarachnoid space into the

A

Superior sagittal sinus

23
Q

The colsure of the rostral neuropore of the embryo is represented by the ______ in the adult

A

Lamina terminalis

24
Q

Communicating (nonobstructive) hydrocephalus may be caused by the inflammation of the

A

Arachnoid villi

25
Q

One source of extrachoroidal CSF production is the

A

Ependymal cells

26
Q

Which of the following areas does not contain choroid plexus

A

Infundibular recess of the third ventricle

27
Q

Frontal lobe function

A

Initiation of voluntary movments
production of written and spoken language
executive function

28
Q

Parietal lobe functions

A

processing of tactile and proprioceptive info
language comprehension
spatial orientation and directing attention

29
Q

Temporal lobe functions

A

Processing auditory info
language comprehension
comprehension of visual info
learning and memory

30
Q

Limbic lobe functions

A

emotional responses
drive-relation behavior
memory

31
Q

Occipital lobe functions

A

processing of visual info

32
Q

CSF functions

A

Buoyancy effect
* Spatial buffering
* Protection
Regulate composition
of extracellular fluid of
CNS

33
Q

Subdural
hematoma cause

A

Tearing of
vein as
enters
sinuses

34
Q

Subarachnoid
hemorrage cause

A

Rupture of cerebral
artery or vein

35
Q

Epidural
hematoma cause

A

Tearing of
menigeal
arteries