Exam 1 Flashcards
The forebrain is made up of what structures
Cerebral hemispheres, the dienephalon
Majority of neurons in the central nervous system are:
Multipolar
Cells of the nervous system that play a role in injury and act like macrophages of the CNS are:
Microglia
Cells that play a direct role in regulation blood blow to active areas of the CNS are:
Astrocytes
Cells that are responsible for electrical insulation in the periphery are
Schwann Cells
The inability of a neuron to send info from its axon terminal to the nucleus would imply a problem with what protein?
Dynein
A stillborn infant exhibited severe facial abnormalities and upon autopsy it was discovered that the brain lacked significant gyri and sulci. At this point, the most likely diagnosis is
Holoprosencephaly
During the second trimester of a pregnant 24-year-old, abnormally high levels of alpha-fetoprotein are found in her blood. Such elevated levels may be indicative of what fetal abnormality?
Neural tube defect
Failure of the metanecephalon to develp correctly will have the greatest effect on
Motor functions
Failure of proper neural crest migration will have the greatest impact on
Myelination in the PNS
Failure of the rhombic lips to form properly will most likely lead to problems with
Coordination
Several lobes of the adult cerebrum have opercular parts; the opercular cover the
Insula
An older woman slips on the ice and snacks the back of her head on the sidewalk. What function/characteristic is most likely to be compromised from an injury to the posterior aspect of the cerebrum?
Vision
A hemisection lesion of the thoracic spinal cord(Brown-Sequard) produces the following deficit
Ipsilateral loss of volunary motor acticity below the level of the lesion
Top of brain
Bottom of brain
Front of brain
Back of brain
Terms (rostal, etc.)
Top - Dorsal
Bottom- Ventral
Front - Rostral
Back - Caudal
An older patient with a cerebellopontine angle tumor is most likely to have deficits associated with which cranial nerve?
VII
An individual is seen at the medical clinic with the chief complant of a headache subsequent to a fall, which left her unconscious for an unknown period of time. Since the fall, the patient reports progressive weakness and tingling over one side of her body. You belueve it to be an epidural hematoma, likely caused by damage to:
The middle meningeal artery
A young motorist involved in an auto accident walks away, seemingly unharmed after a 40-mph head on collision. Weakness and tingling began 2 weeks after the accident, leading the individual to see treatment at a medical clinic. CT reveals a massive crescent shaped hematoma. The most likely diagnosis is
Subdural hematoma
Subsequent to a subdural hematoma, a patient experiences difficulty with voluntary eye movement, that is, when at rest the right eye looks “down and out,” as well as experiencing motor problems over the left side of the body.You suspect that the subdural hematoma caused tentorial herniation which has resulted in the compression of the
Right side of the midbrain
Sensory innervation of the infratentorial compartment is provided primarily by
CN X
A space-occupying lesion occupying the infrentorial compartment would have the greatest effect on
Balance and equilibrium
Most CSF is resobred from the subarachnoid space into the
Superior sagittal sinus
The colsure of the rostral neuropore of the embryo is represented by the ______ in the adult
Lamina terminalis
Communicating (nonobstructive) hydrocephalus may be caused by the inflammation of the
Arachnoid villi
One source of extrachoroidal CSF production is the
Ependymal cells
Which of the following areas does not contain choroid plexus
Infundibular recess of the third ventricle
Frontal lobe function
Initiation of voluntary movments
production of written and spoken language
executive function
Parietal lobe functions
processing of tactile and proprioceptive info
language comprehension
spatial orientation and directing attention
Temporal lobe functions
Processing auditory info
language comprehension
comprehension of visual info
learning and memory
Limbic lobe functions
emotional responses
drive-relation behavior
memory
Occipital lobe functions
processing of visual info
CSF functions
Buoyancy effect
* Spatial buffering
* Protection
Regulate composition
of extracellular fluid of
CNS
Subdural
hematoma cause
Tearing of
vein as
enters
sinuses
Subarachnoid
hemorrage cause
Rupture of cerebral
artery or vein
Epidural
hematoma cause
Tearing of
menigeal
arteries
