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FCS 233 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is it when consumers choose products because of beliefs concerning the performance properties of the textile? These properties are generally called ______

A

Serviceabiltiy

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2
Q

When you think about why you chose the clothing you are wearing today

A

serviceability

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3
Q

How many serviceability components are there and what are they?

A

8 - Aesthetics, durability, comfort and safety, appearance retention, care, environmental impact, cost, quality

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4
Q
  • Attractiveness or appearance of a product
  • Cover, translucence, luster, drape, texture, hand
A

aesthetics

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5
Q
  • How the product withstands use
  • Abrasion resistance, flexibility, pilling, strength, tenacity, cohesiveness, elongation
A

durability

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6
Q
  • Protecting the body from the environment
  • ensuring the product does not harm
A

comfort and safety

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7
Q

Absorbency, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, oleophilic, hygroscopic, dyeability, electrical conductivity, wicking, heat retention, heat conductivity, heat sensitivity, flammability, density, allergenic potential

A

comfort and safety

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8
Q

How product maintains its appearance
- resiliency, compressibility, dimensional stability, shrinkage resistance, elasticity, mildew resistance, moth resistance

A

appearance retention

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9
Q
  • Describes the treatment required to maintain a textile product’s original appearance and cleanliness
  • Absorbency, chemical reactivity, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, oleophilic
A

care

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10
Q
  • Production, use, care, disposal (life cycle)
  • sustainability
A

Environmental impact

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11
Q

influenced by many factors (even politics)

A

cost

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12
Q

the sum total of product characteristics, including aesthetics, durability, comfort and safety, appearance retention, cost, and care

A

quality

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13
Q

What are the three types of fibers?

A

natural, manufactured, synthetic

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14
Q

Fibers grown or developed in nature in recognizable fiber form

A

natural fiber

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15
Q

Material found in nature, but needs to be processed into a fiber

A

manufactured fibers

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16
Q

Fibers made from chemical compounds produced in manufacturing facilities. Original form not recognizable as a fiber

A

synthetic fibers

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17
Q

What are fiber properties related to?

A

length of fiber, size of fiber, cross section, surface contour, and crimp

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18
Q

What are two different terms to describe length of fibers?

A

filament fibers, staple fibers

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19
Q

fibers are as long as the yarn

A

filament

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20
Q

when yarn is untwisted, fibers remain parallel

A

filament

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21
Q

surface of the yarn is usually smoother

A

filament

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22
Q

little or no twist may be added

A

filament

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23
Q

slicker surface

A

filament

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24
Q

less likely to trap soil

A

filament

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25
Q

less sensitive to abrasion

A

filament

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26
Q

more durable fiber

A

filament

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27
Q

less absorbent fiber

A

filament

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28
Q

measured in miles or kilometers

A

filament

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29
Q

fibers are shorter than the yarn

A

staple fiber

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30
Q

when yarn is untwisted, fibers are not completely parallel

A

staple fiber

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31
Q

surface of the yarn appears fuzzier because of the fiber ends

A

staple fiber

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32
Q

wist needs to be added to hold fibers together (think about wool)

A

staple

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33
Q

fiber more likely to abrade

A

staple

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34
Q

weaker and more absorbent fiber

A

staple

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35
Q

this fiber is measured in inches or centimeters

A

staple

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36
Q

Influences a fabric’s performance and hand

A

fiber diameter

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37
Q

crisp, rough, stiff, resist crushing

A

large fibers

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38
Q

soft, pliable, drape easeir

A

fine fiber

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39
Q

fineness of fibers is measured in what?

A

micrometers

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40
Q

How are natural fibers in micrometers?

A

16-20 micrometers

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41
Q

What is manufactured fibers in micrometers?

A

it is controlled during production

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42
Q

what fiber is described as denier?

A

manufactured fibers

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43
Q

what are small and large numbers as a denier described as?

A

Small numbers describe fine fibers
large numbers describe course fibers

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44
Q

Fiber property that impacts luster, bulk, body, texture, hand

A

cross section

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45
Q

T or F : Cross section can be changed

A

Fasle: it can’t be changed

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46
Q

T or F : Manufactured fibers shape can be changed

A

True

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47
Q

How is manufactured fibers shape controlled?

A

by the shape of the spinneret opening and the spinning method

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48
Q

What is surface contour?

A

determines whether it’s smooth or rough

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49
Q

What does fiber crimp refer to?

A

the waves, bends, twists, coils, and curls along the length of the fiber

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50
Q

polymers are synthesized or made from small simple molecules

A

synthetic fibers

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51
Q

compounds used to produce fibers are more often petroleum based chemicals or petrochemicals

A

synthetic fibers

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52
Q

highly heat sensitive and will soften and melt

A

synthetic fibers

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53
Q

revolutionized life in the 20th century

A

synthetic fibers

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54
Q

Name four synthetic fibers

A

nylon, polyester, acrylic, spandex

55
Q

Uses: carpets, apparel items including lingerie, hosiery, socks, swimsuits, outerwear and fashion items, industrial uses including parachutes, ropes, cords

A

Nylon

56
Q

Chemical structure: polyamides from various sources

A

nylon

57
Q

Aesthetics: vary with finishes and uses

A

nylon

58
Q

Durability: excellent abrasion resistance and tenacity. High elongation and fade resistant
Comfort: poor absorbency and thermal retention

A

nylon

59
Q

Appearance retention: high resiliency and dimensional stability

A

nylon

60
Q

Care: machine wash (apparel) resistant to mold, mildew and roat and many chemicals

A

nylon

61
Q

Color scavenger- absorbs colors

A

nylon

62
Q

Environmental concerns: does not degrade quickly but is susceptible to damage from sunlight. Made from byproducts from oil refineries so it uses what were once considered waste products

A

nylon

63
Q

Uses: apparel, sheets, blankets, draperies, mattress ticking, upholstery fabric, curtains

A

polyester

64
Q

Chemical structure: made from terephthalate polymers

A

polyester

65
Q

Aesthetics: looks like natural fiber when blended with other fibers

A

polyester

66
Q

Durability: highly abrasion resistant and strong. Wet strength is comparable to dry. Better sunlight resistance than most synthetics

A

polyester

67
Q

Comfort: not very absorbent so usually blended with more absorbent fibers. Moderate thermal retention and prone to static buildup

A

polyester

68
Q

Appearance retention : highly resilient so resists wrinkling. Can be heat set into shape and accepts dyes well

A

polyester

69
Q

Care: warm water wash recommended to minimize wrinkling. Oleophilic so may attract oily soils on fabric. Retains bacterial odor. Resistant to both acids and alkalis and can be bleached

A

polyester

70
Q

Environmental concerns: similar to other synthetics

A

polyester

71
Q

Uses: interiors and apparel

A

olefin

72
Q

Chemical structure : long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight ethylene, propylene, or other olefin units except amorphous polyolefins

A

olefin

73
Q

Both polyethylene and polypropylene are referred to as ____

A

olefin

74
Q

Aesthetics : medium luster and smooth texture with a waxy hand

A

olefin

75
Q

Durability : can be produced in different strengths with varying elongation

A

olefin

76
Q

Comfort: not prone to static electricity. Good heat retention and is the lightest of the textile fibers

A

olefin

77
Q

Appearance retention: excellent resiliency and elastic recovery, shrink resistant and can be heat set. Retains its appearance for years

A

olefin

78
Q

Care: dries quickly after wetting, does not pick up color from stains or items that bleed in the wash. Oily stains are extremely difficult to remove

A

olefin

79
Q

Environmental concerns: shares many of the same issues with nylon. Used often in erosion control fabrics in landscaping and in hazardous waste containers

A

olefin

80
Q

uses : apparel, interior items, faux fingernails, outdoor furniture, tents, filters, office room dividers, sandbags, etc

A

acrylic

81
Q

Chemical structure: long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight acrylonitrile units

A

acrylic

82
Q

Aesthetics: soft hand

A

acrylic

83
Q

Durability: moderate abrasion resistance, tenacity and elongation

A

acrylic

84
Q

Comfort: poor absorbency, moderate thermal retention, non allergenic

A

acrylic

85
Q

Appearance retention: moderate resilience, dimensional stability and elastic recovery

A

acrylic

86
Q

Care: machine wash apparel, dry clean or dry extraction interior textiles. Creases can be set and removed by heat. Scorches easily and will become brittle at high temperatures.

A

acrylic

87
Q

May felt or mat and have noticeable odor when wet

A

acrylic

88
Q

Environmental concerns: resistant to mold, mildew, rot and many chemicals. Oil spills and chemicals used to process are a concern

A

acrylic

89
Q

Name six different types of yarn

A

compound/composite, fancy yarn, BCF yarn, spun yarn, smooth filament, mono filament

90
Q

long, continuous fiber strands of indefinite length

A

filament

91
Q

produced as a loose rope of several thousand fibers, is crimped or textured

A

filament tow

92
Q

the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of fiber or yarn

A

denier

93
Q

weight in grams of 1,000 meters of fiber or yarn

A

tex

94
Q

way of identifying fiber size. Calculated by diviing the yarn size by the number of filaments

A

denier per filament

95
Q

waves, bends, twists, coils, or curls along the length of the fiber

A

fiber crimp

96
Q

bends caused by distortion of yarns due to weaving and knitting a fabric

A

fabric crimp

97
Q

is the ability of a fiber to conceal or protect

A

cover

98
Q

is the ability of a textile to allow light to pass through

A

translucence

99
Q

results from the way light is reflected by a surface

A

luster

100
Q

is the way a fabric falls over a 3D form like a body or a table

A

Drape

101
Q

describes the nature of the textile’s surface

A

texture

102
Q

the way a textile feels to the skin

A

hand

103
Q

ability of a textile to withstand the rubbing it gets during use

A

abrasion resistance

104
Q

ability to bend repeatedly without breaking

A

flexibility

105
Q

formation of balls of fiber on the fabric surface

A

piling

106
Q

bility of a textile to withstand a pulling force

A

tenacity or tensile strength

107
Q

ability of fibers to cling together during spinning

A

cohesiveness

108
Q

s to the degree which a fiber may be stretched without breaking

A

elongation

109
Q

lity of a fiber to take up moisture from the body

A

absorbency

110
Q

bers absorb moisture readily

A

hydrophilic

111
Q

fibers have little or no absorbency

A

hydrophobic

112
Q

heaviest and coarsest of all hair fibers

A

kemp

113
Q

sackcloth

A

jute

114
Q

grasscloth

A

ramie

115
Q

short flax fiber

A

tow

116
Q

joints that contribute to its flexibility

A

nodes

117
Q

fabric made from flax

A

linen

118
Q

one of the oldest documented fibers

A

flax

119
Q

reduces a bast fiber to length similar to that of cotton

A

cottonizing

120
Q

bacterial rotting process

A

retting

121
Q

describes all other cottons

A

conventional cotton

122
Q

describes cotton fabric that has been washed with mild natural-based soap

A

green cotton

123
Q

grows within a pod or boll from developing seeds

A

seed fiber

124
Q

obtained from the stem and root of the plant

A

bast fiber

125
Q

removed from the veins or ribs of a leaf

A

leaf fiber

126
Q

referred to as bioengineered cotton

A

genetically modified cotton

127
Q

waxlife film covering the primary, or outer, wall

A

cuticle

128
Q

central canal through which nourishment travels through fiber

A

lumen

129
Q

ribbonlike twists that characterize cotton

A

convolutions

130
Q

produced following state fiber-certification standards on land where organic farming practices

A

organic cotton

131
Q

produced on land where organic farming is practiced

A

transition cotton

132
Q

describes practices and policies that reduce environmental pollution and do not exploit people or natural resources

A

sustainability

133
Q

T or F: cradle-to-cradle concept can be applied to any company

A

true

FCS 233 (1 decks)

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