Exam 1 Flashcards
Wilhelm Wundt
father of psychology, introspection (identifying elements of consciousness)
William James
Functionalism, (Individuals make the whole society)
B.F. Skinner and John Watson
Behaviorism (Behavior is acquired through conditioning)
Alfred Binet
Applied psychology movement (Intelligence test that helped children in need of education support)
Psychology as a profession
AAAP and National Mental health Act
AAAP (when and why)
1930 and to focus on training of professional psychologists
National Mental Health Act (when and why)
1946 and to get funding for clinical psychologists
Independent Variable
What is being manipulated
Dependent Variable
What is being measured
Control Group
The group that does not receive any treatment
Experimental Group
The group that does receive treatment
Confounding variable
Affects the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
Correlation Coefficient
Positive = More correlation; Negative = Less correlation
Negatives of Surveys
Respondents may give incorrect information
Quasi-experimental design
An experiment that does not use random assignment, but instead the IV is the group they are assigned (Married vs Unmarried)
Steps to the human nervous system development
(ZEF) 1) Zygote 2) Embryo 3) Fetus. (40 weeks total)
Central nervous system encompasses what
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system encompasses what
Everything, but brain and spinal cord
Basic neuron Structure
Soma, Dendrites, and axon
Lobes of the brain and their function
Frontal - Higher level thinking, Parietal - Sensory, Occipital - Sight, Temporal - Sounds and smells
Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic
sympathetic (fight or flight); parasympathetic (rest and digest)
Nature vs Nurture
Nature - Genes and biology
Nurture - How you are raised
Who founded nature vs nurture
Francis Dalton
Why can we do animal studies, but not human studies?
Animals are much faster replicators, and it is unethical to test humans
Behavioral Genetics
Empirical science of how genes and environments work together
Heritability Coefficient
Measures how strongly differences among individuals for a trait are related to differences among their genes
High Awareness Examples
Decision making, mindfulness, problem solving
Low awareness example
coma, sleep, and daydreaming
5 Stages of sleep
1) Awake
2) Light Sleep
3) Moderately light
4) Transitional
5) REM (rapid eye movement)
3 Sleeping disorders
1) Sleep Apnea (snoring)
2) Narcolepsy (falling asleep randomly)
3) Insomnia (can’t fall asleep)
Types of psychoactive drugs
Depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens
