Exam 1 Flashcards
Supernatural Theories
attribute mental illness to possession by evil or demonic spirits, displeasure of gods, eclipses, planetary gravitation, curses and sin
Somatogenic theories
identifies disturbances in physical functioning resulting from either illness, genetic inheritance, or brain damage or imbalance
Psychogenic theories
focus on traumatic or stressful experiences, maladaptive learned associations and cognitions, or distorted perceptions. Etiological theories of mental illness determine the care and treatment mentally ill individuals receive.
Establishment of hospitals and _ beginning in the 16th century. Such institutions’ mission was to house and confine the mentally ill, the poor, the homeless, the unemployed, and the criminal
asylums
Holloway Sanatorium
1885 Victorian approach to treating mental health. Treatments at Holloway included more occupational therapies
abusing patients by beating sense into people
Bedlem Hospital
Treatments that involved removing a part or the entirety of the frontal lobe to manage emotions
Lobotomies
Delivering shock waves
ECT
Her research has the potential to change how we diagnose and understand mental health
Currently, behaviors are the window into emotions (and what people tell us)
If we can target one path in the brain through we can produce specific changes in behavior!!!
She is talking about being able to reprogram the brain at the circuitry level
Future of diagnosis will be through measuring brain activity and behavioral symptoms
Alleviate the need for trial and error with drug treatment for mental health
Another benefit is that working at the neural circuit level would eliminate any side effects that are produced from drug treatments
Kay Tye’s Ted Talk
What are the levels of care
Residential, inpatient, intensive outpatient, outpatient plus participation in groups, outpatient
live, go to school, and receive treatment on a campus. longer term
residential treatment
stay on a mental health campus but shorter term than residential
inpatient
all day treatment but return home at night
intensive outpatient
individual outpatient and group work to complement individual work
outpatient plus participation in groups
weekly, biweekly, monthly,
outpatient
Gather info about unconscious material
Projective Assessment
Assess IQ and learning style
Cognitive Assessment
An assessment of a patient’s level of cognitive ability, appearance, emotional mood, and speech and though patterns at the time of evaluation
Mental Status Exams
Mood swings
labile
diminished variability and intensity with which emotions are expressed
constricted
emotions for the situation
mood congruent
Affect changes appropriately with topic
Reactive Mood
hard time expressing emotion facially w/ movement or voice (SX of schizophrenia)
Blunted Affect
very specific questions in a very specific order matched closely to diagnosis
Structured Clinical Interview
much more free form and follows clients lead
Unstructured Clinical Interview
Measures completed by individuals that match to diagnosis
Self-report measures
one that brought you in and most prominent
Principal diagnosis
disorders that occur together and are often equally as prominent
Co-morbid
Atypical presentation, Doesn’t Quite meet diagnostic, Criteria, Don’t Know etiology, Er situation
NOS “not otherwise specified”
Newest includes information specific to gender and culture for each diagnostic category which is an improvement
Criticism: Historically, labels have marginalized and stigmatized those not from mainstream
DSM
Asks what is wrong, how it got that way, and what can be done about it
Clinical Formulation
areas of vulnerability that increase the risk for the presenting problem (family history)
Predisposing factors
typically though of as stressor or other events that may be precipitants of the symptoms (conflicts about identity, relationship conflicts, or transitions)
Precipitating Factors
are any conditions in the patient, family, community or larger systems that exacerbate rather than solve the problem. E.g. relationship conflicts, lack of education, financial stresses, and occupation stress
Perpetuating Factors
includes the patient’s own areas of competency, skill, talents, interest and supportive elements. They counteract the predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors.
Protect Factors
The model that impacts clinical formulation
Biopsychosocial model
What are we assessing during assessment process
Mental status, Cognitive Functioning,
Emotional Wellness/Social Functioning, Cultural Context, Problem(s) & degree of impairment, Risk of harm to self and others, strengths and supports
2 Domains of Weschler IQ tests
Verbal and Performance IQ
Verbal IQ
Verbal Comprehension, abstract symbols, educational attainment, verbal memory, verbal fluency
Performance IQ
visual-spatial abilities, quality of non-verbal activities, ability to work quickly, capacity to work in concrete situations.
