Exam 1 Flashcards
What is politics
“the ability to influence others or impose one’s will on
them.”
What is power
“the ability to influence others or impose one’s will on
them.”
deductive reasoning
which then starts with a hypothesis and seeks conclusions or answers to the statement through evidence.
inductive reasoning
examining one country to draw conclusions and create a hypothesis
Challenges in using Comparative research for politics
Common problems may begin at having varying variables, but little cases, throughout the country due to the vast number of them and their drastic differences they all have. Which inherently can cause the narrowing of research due to the inability of having to compare countries too similar or those that are different. As well, with almost anything, can be the bias through research. Yes, one of the methods is to distinctly look for their hypothesis to answer their statement. Though, with this can come bias for looking within positives and negatives, leading to an unfair prejudice upon countries being used for study.
What is a state
“the organization that maintains a monopoly of force over a territory.”
What is a regime
“the fundamental rules and norms of politics”
What is government
“the leadership that runs the state”
Sovereignty
the ability to carry out actions and policies within a territory
independently of external actors and internal rivals.
Benefits of the state
1) States encouraged economic development (property rights) 2)States encouraged technological innovation for use by private citizens 3)Stability through development of Nationalism
Treaty of Westphalia
1648: end of the 30 year war. The restriction of the power of the
Catholic Church, the rise of states and sovereignty.This outlined what the state does
and what it is. We still use largely
this structure today.
Traditional Legitimacy
It has always been this way
• God has ordained their dominance
• Ex. Monarchs
Charismatic Legitimacy
The power of ideas and beliefs as well as the way these ideas are presented
• Ex. Napoleon, Lenin, Hugo Chavez
Rational-Legal Legitimacy
System of rules and procedures deemed to be neutral or rational
• The office holds the power, not the person
• Ex. Presidents, Prime Ministers
Centralized
often have unitary governments
– Ex. UK government
Decentralized
often have federal governments
– Ex. US/Canada
state capacity
the extent to which the state can exert its authority Strong State vs Weak State
– Weak states have limited capacity to
enforce laws they enact
failed state
A state with little to no control
over its population
– Ex. Somalia, Pre-911 Afghanistan?
state autonomy
refers to the extent that a state is not beholden to anyone else
to enforce its authority (internally or externally)
Magna Carta (1215)
Limited the powers of the Monarch (John I), gave more
independent power to landed elites (barons).
Henry VIII
When the Catholic Church would not grant Henry VIII a
divorce with Catherine of Aragon, he used Parliament to pass laws that removed England from Catholic Church control. The
Anglican church was weaker, thereby separating religious control in mainland Europe
from regal control in the England. This also gave greater control to Parliament.
English Civil War (1642-1651)
Charles I killed
– For 10 years afterwards England was a republic led by
Oliver Cromwell
James II became next king…but he
was Catholic.
James II was exiled, and Mary, his Protestant daughter,
and her Dutch Husband William, became the new
monarchs (The Glorious Revolution 1688).
– This led to the Bill of Rights 1689 which further limits the
powers of the monarchy.
King George I
1714- George I of Hanover crowned: He
was German and barely spoke English.
Most of his duties were taken up by the
Prime Minister Robert Walpole.
