Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a normal environment within the body that allows for proper function.

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the normal functions of the body

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3
Q

Pathophysiology

A

The study of the loss of normal functions of the body.

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4
Q

An example of a homeostatic mechanism is?

A

Shivering

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5
Q

What do receptors do?

A

Detect level of things and tells the regulator levels of things.

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6
Q

What do regulator do?

A

•Sets and maintains the set point
•Tells Effectors what to do

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7
Q

Set point is?

A

Normal level

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8
Q

What do Effectors do?

A

•Put out the Appropriate output (ex. Shivering, sweat production)

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9
Q

Negative feedback

A

•A reciprocal response to a deviation from a normal level

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10
Q

What does Negative feedback do?

A

•Lowers Normal value (levels) if too high
•Raises Normal value (levels) if to too low
•Maintains Homeostasis

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11
Q

Positive feedback

A

Increase normal range to carry out a special event.

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12
Q

What is an example of a special event?

A

•Hormone
•Childbirth
•Blood coagulation
•Breast feeding

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13
Q

Does positive feedback contribute to Homeostasis?

A

No but it is still a necessary feedback

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14
Q

What happens when positive feedback is over?

A

Negative feedback takes back over

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15
Q

Metabolism is?

A

Chemical Reactions happening in the body

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16
Q

What is Anabolism?

A

Build up of molecules

17
Q

What is catabolism?

A

Break down of molecules

18
Q

Inorganic molecules are?

A

Small simple molecules

19
Q

Water is located in which two compartments?

A

•Intracellular compartment
•Extracellular compartment

20
Q

What is Intracellular compartment?

A

Compartment inside the cells

21
Q

Intracellular compartment example?

22
Q

What is Extracellular compartment?

A

Compartment located outside of the cell

23
Q

Interstitial compartment is?

A

•Between the cells

24
Q

Extracellular compartment contains?

A

•Interstitial: Interstitial fluid
•Blood vessels: plasma
•Lymph vessels: lymph
•Transcellular: transcellular fluids

25
Transcellular fluids is in?
•Urine •Fluid In eyes
26
How much water does Intracellular compartment contain?
2/3 of water volume
27
How much water does Extracellular compartment contain?
1/3 of water volume
28
A mixing media is?
•Solution •Colloid •Suspension
29
Every fluid in the body is a?
•Solution •Colloid •Suspension
30
A solution is?
•Mixture of very small particulars and water •Example’s are ions mixed in plasma
31
A Colloid is?
•Mixture of medium particles and water •Example’s are proteins mixed in plasma
32
A Suspension is?
• Mixture of large particles and water • Examples are red blood cells mixed in the plasma
33
Ions (cations and anions) / Electrons are?
In equilibrium with salts
34
Main functions of Ions/ Electrolytes are?
•Communication (e.g action potentials) •General Homeostasis •Transported across membranes •Fluid, electrolyte and pH balance
35
Acids
Substance that releases H+
36
Base
Substance that combined with H+