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Psychology > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define psychology

A

Science of behavior & mental process

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2
Q

Goals of psych

A

Describe predict and explain behavior and mental processes

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3
Q

Wundt

A

Founder of psychology

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4
Q

Structuralism

A

Analyze consciousness into its basic elements (structure)

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

Analyze how consciousness works - its function or purpose

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6
Q

Psychoanalytic

A

How the unconscious mind influence behavior

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7
Q

Behaviorism

A

Learning behaviors

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8
Q

Humanism

A

Unique qualities of humans

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9
Q

Cognitive

A

Study of peoples minds and how they are unique

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10
Q

Academic psychologist

A

Study how people change mentally over a long period of time

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11
Q

Clinical psychologist

A

OCD, ADHD, Anxiety

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12
Q

Health psychologist

A

Help reduce stress to make body more physically healthy

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13
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

Emphasizes that the whole of anything is greater than its parts

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14
Q

Scientific method steps

A

Research questions
Hypothesis
Test hypothesis
Analyze data and draw conclusion

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15
Q

Confounding Variables

A

Variables that vary systematically with the independent variable

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16
Q

Operational Definitions

A

Concept defined in terms of how its measured

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17
Q

Experimental method

A

Manipulate or controls variable and look for changes in the 2nd variable

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18
Q

Random sample

A

Everyone in your population has an equal chance of being in your study

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19
Q

Random assignment

A

Everyone in your study has an equal chance of being placed in different groups

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20
Q

Correlational Method

A

Descriptive or observational, recording behavior

21
Q

Nervous system

A

Complex communication network

22
Q

Major categories of cells

A

Glia, neurons

23
Q

Absolute threshold

A

Minimum amount of stimulation necessary or a particular stimulus to be detected 50% of the time

24
Q

Difference threshold

A

Minimum difference in stimulation that can be detected 50% of the time

25
Q

Subliminal

A

Affected by stimuli that are too weak to notice

26
Q

Sensory adaptation

A

Diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus

27
Q

Retina

A

Tissue that lines the back of the eye, absorbs light

28
Q

Cones

A

Gives us color vision

29
Q

Rods

A

Sensitive to light levels, gives vision in low light

30
Q

Optic nerve

A

Blind spot of the eye

31
Q

Fovea

A

Responsible for central vision

32
Q

Amplitude - hearing

A

Loudness

33
Q

Frequency - hearing

A

Pitch

34
Q

Cochlea

A

Inner ear, Bony fluid part of the inner ear concerned with hearing

35
Q

Oval window

A

Membrane that covers opening from middle ear to inner ear

36
Q

Basilar Membrane

A

Lines cochlea and contains receptor cells for hearing

37
Q

Perceptual organization

A

How we organize our sensations into perceptions

38
Q

Proximity

A

Items near each other belong together

39
Q

Similarity

A

Groups things that are similar

40
Q

Continuity

A

Groups things in smooth continuous patterns

41
Q

Closure

A

Fill in to make a sense of closure and completeness

42
Q

Depth perception

A

Ability to see in 3-D, estimating distance

43
Q

Binocular Cues

A

Retinal disparity, Convergence

44
Q

Monocular cues

A

Relative size, Overlap, Relative height, Linear perspective, Motion parallax

45
Q

Perceptual Constancies

A

Tendency to perceive a stable perception in the face of continually changing sensory input

46
Q

ESP

A

Telepathy, Clairvoyance, Precognition

47
Q

Top down processing

A

Perceptions begin with the most general and move towards more specific

48
Q

Bottom up processing

A

Perceptual processing for recognizing meaningful patterns by piecing together pieces of sensory information

Psychology (1 decks)

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