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NUR 304 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Applied research

A

Done to directly affect clinical practice -
stressed the use of the best evidence available to answer clinical questions and explore the next best evidence when appropriate

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2
Q

Asset planning

A

A planning approach that helps to focus the family members and their providers on the building blocks for their future
- Focuses on the assets/strengths of the individual, the family, and the community, applying those assets to improve/maintain the current level of functioning

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3
Q

Community-based care

A

Provided in nontraditional health care settings in the community
- Care provided in the home

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4
Q

Epidemiology

A

The study of health and disease in society

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5
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Assuming that your own perspective is correct and others’ aren’t

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6
Q

Functional health

A

Multiple factors contributing to a person’s perception of his/her health

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7
Q

Health promotion

A

Process of advocating health to enhance the probability that personal, private, and public support of positive health practices will become a social norm
- Personal: individual, family, & community
- Private: professional & business
- Public: federal, state, & local government

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8
Q

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL)

A

Multiple factors contributing to a person’s perception of his or her health
- Same definition as functional health

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9
Q

Interprofessional practice

A

Collaboration within the health care system with other nurses, physicians, social workers, nutritionists, psychologists, therapists, individuals, and community groups

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10
Q

Person-centered care

A

Individual responsibilities and lifestyle choices

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11
Q

Qualitative studies

A

Describe phenomena or define the historical nature, cultural relevance, or philosophical basis of aspects of nursing care

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12
Q

Quantitative studies

A

DEFINE situations, correlate different variables related to care, or test casual relationships between variables related to care

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13
Q

Wellness-illness continuum

A

Dichotomized (divided) portrayal of health and illness ranging from high-level wellness at the positive end to depletion of health at the negative end

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14
Q

High-level wellness

A

Sense of well being, life satisfaction, and quality of life
- Progression toward a higher level of functioning
- Emphasizes interrelationship between environment and health on personal and societal level
- A person can have a terminal disease and be emotionally prepared for death

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15
Q

Negative end

A

Includes adaptation to disease and disability through various levels of functional ability

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16
Q

Social ecological model

A

View of health at individual, family, community, and societal levels

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17
Q

Social determinants of health

A

Factors in society that have an influence on health

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18
Q

Ecological model of health

A

Adaptation and eudemonia (self-actualization)

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19
Q

Clinical model of health

A

People may not seek preventative health services or may wait until they’re very ill to seek care
- Health: absence of signs and symptoms of disease
- Illness: presence of signs and symptoms of disease

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20
Q

Role performance model of health

A

Basis for occupational health evaluations, school physical examinations, & physician-excused absences
- Health: based on whether a person can perform societal roles
- Illness: failure to perform roles at the level of others in society

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21
Q

Adaptive model of health

A

Ability to adapt positively to change

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22
Q

Eudaemonistic model of health

A

Exuberant well-being interaction and interrelationships in multiple aspects of life - interdisciplinary focus
- Illness: denervation or languishing - lack of involvement with life

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23
Q

Functioning

A

Levels reflected in terms of performance/social expectations
- Loss is an indicator of need for nursing intervention

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24
Q

Health

A

State of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning within developmental context
- Both individual and societal responsibility

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25
Q

Disease

A

Failure of adaptive mechanisms
- Results in functional or structural disturbances

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26
Q

Illness

A

Subjective experience of individual and physical manifestation of disease
- Psychological, spiritual, and social components

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27
Q

Primordial prevention

A

Prevention before a risk factor develops
- Healthy eating school-based programs
- Reduction of sodium in food supply
- Creating bike/walking paths

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28
Q

Primary prevention

A

Interventions before disease/dysfunction occurs
- Immunizations
- Lifestyle changes
- Reducing exposure to carcinogens
- Reducing occupational hazards

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29
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Early diagnosis, prompt treatment, disability limitation - applied to individuals/populations with disease
- Screenings
- Treating early stages of disease

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30
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

Maximizing remaining capacity to prevent complications/deterioration
- Rehabilitating highest level of function for stroke patients

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31
Q

Quaternary prevention

A

Addressing over-medicalization of care recipients
- Over diagnosing
- Over treating

32
Q

Culturally congruent practice

A

Guidelines are comprehensive and include elements of education, clinical training, self-reflection, care recipient advocacy, evidence-based practice, workforce, leadership, and systems development

33
Q

Cultural respect

A

Becoming responsive to the cultural values of different peoples and to realize how cultural understanding could augment effective and humanistic care delivery

34
Q

Female genital alteration (FGA)

A

More culturally sensitive term than FGM/C

35
Q

Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C)

A

Partial or total removal, or injury, of external female genitalia for non medical reasons
- No health benefit of this practice

36
Q

Gender expression

A

A person’s external expression of gender identity and can be socially conforming or nonconforming

37
Q

Gender identity

A

A person’s concept of themselves as male, female, both , or neither, and this can be the same or different as their sex at birth

38
Q

Harm reduction

A

Seeks to improve both individual and community health by addressing damaging behaviors

39
Q

Hot and cold concept of disease

A

Illness occurs when there is an imbalance between hot and cold - used as a guide to categorize illnesses and select appropriate treatments
- Elevated body temperature: managed by giving the person a cool drink to lower the temperature

40
Q

Intersectionality

A

The overlapping categorization of race, sex, and gender and resulting interdependent systems of discrimination and disadvantage

41
Q

Yin

A

Feminine, negative, dark, and cold

42
Q

Yang

A

Masculine, positive, light, and warm

43
Q

Jing

A

Sexual energy

44
Q

Nurse care systems

A

Specialized education; advanced knowledge, skills, and abilities; responsibility; and expectation of remuneration of services provided

45
Q

Transcultural nursing

A

Focuses on discovering and explaining cultural factors that influence the health, well-being, illness, or death of individuals or groups and seeks to provide culturally based appropriate care to people of diverse cultures with a variety of health care and spiritual beliefs

46
Q

Race

A

Historically associated with power and privilege disparities, social injustice, and prejudice

47
Q

Ethnicity

A

Commonalities of culture
- Language, history, customs, geographical origin, religion, or ancestry

48
Q

Minority group

A

Commonly disadvantage in relation to power, control, and wealth

49
Q

Culture (element of ethnicity)

A

Integrated patterns of human behavior
- Language, thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, rules, values, institutions

50
Q

Values

A
  • Belief about the worth of something
  • Standards which influence behavior and thinking
51
Q

Value orientation

A
  • Values learned and shared through socialization
  • Reflect “personality type” of particular society
52
Q

Immigrant

A

Foreign born resident
- Authorized or unauthorized

53
Q

Refugee

A

Immigrant who is unable or unwilling to return to country of origin due to persecution or fear of persecution
- Experience history of violence, abuse, poverty, religious persecution

54
Q

Folk healing practices

A

Reflect beliefs, values, treatment of a cultural group
- Unlicensed: lay midwives, herbalists, spiritualists

55
Q

Holistic approach

A

Incorporates family and support system in care and considers the patient’s viewpoint

56
Q

Age-developmental focus

A

As individuals fulfill developmental tasks, complexity increases
- Tasks provide learning opportunities for individuals to maintain and improve their health

57
Q

Cultural attunement

A

Using cultural norms, values, communication, and time patterns in reflective practice
- Nurses practicing cultural humility

58
Q

Culturally competent care

A

Delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health behavior

59
Q

Functional focus

A

An individual’s performance level
- PTs and OTs focus on physical ability to perform ADLs

60
Q

Individual environmental focus

A

Environmental influences occurring across multiple patterns
- Role relationships, family values, and societal mores

61
Q

Pattern focus

A

Implies that nurses explore patterns or sequences of behavior over time

62
Q

Pre contemplation stage of rediness

A

Not considering change

63
Q

Contemplation stage of readiness

A

Considering change

64
Q

Planning and preparation stage of readiness

A

Planning change

65
Q

Action stage of readiness

A

Implementing change

66
Q

Maintenance stage of readiness

A

Maintaining change

67
Q

Developmental theory

A

Approaches families from the perspective of tasks and progression through cycles

68
Q

Family

A

A group of interacting individuals related by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption who interdependently perform relevant functions by fulfilling expected roles

69
Q

Family developmental tasks

A

Revolve around goals of reorganization to prepare for the expanding world of school-age children

70
Q

Family health status

A

Considered functional, potentially dysfunctional (potential problem), or dysfunctional (actual problem)

71
Q

Family nursing plans

A

Helps families promote health throughout the life cycle and prevents disease through decreasing risk-taking behaviors

72
Q

Family nursing interventions

A

Aim to assist families in performing functions that members can’t perform for themselves

73
Q

Family resilience

A

How some families, during difficult times, experience changes that reveal useful strengths and abilities for personal interaction and growth

74
Q

Family risk factors

A

Can be inferred from lifestyle; biological factors; environmental factors; social, psychological, cultural, and spiritual dimensions; and the health care system

75
Q

Family strengths

A

Contribute to family unity and solidarity that foster the development of inherent family potential

76
Q

Family theory

A

Explains patterns of living among the individuals who comprise family systems

NUR 304 (1 decks)

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