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NUR 304 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Applied research

A

Done to directly affect clinical practice -
stressed the use of the best evidence available to answer clinical questions and explore the next best evidence when appropriate

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2
Q

Asset planning

A

A planning approach that helps to focus the family members and their providers on the building blocks for their future
- Focuses on the assets/strengths of the individual, the family, and the community, applying those assets to improve/maintain the current level of functioning

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3
Q

Community-based care

A

Provided in nontraditional health care settings in the community
- Care provided in the home

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4
Q

Epidemiology

A

The study of health and disease in society

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5
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Assuming that your own perspective is correct and others’ aren’t

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6
Q

Functional health

A

Multiple factors contributing to a person’s perception of his/her health

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7
Q

Health promotion

A

Process of advocating health to enhance the probability that personal, private, and public support of positive health practices will become a social norm
- Personal: individual, family, & community
- Private: professional & business
- Public: federal, state, & local government

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8
Q

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL)

A

Multiple factors contributing to a person’s perception of his or her health
- Same definition as functional health

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9
Q

Interprofessional practice

A

Collaboration within the health care system with other nurses, physicians, social workers, nutritionists, psychologists, therapists, individuals, and community groups

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10
Q

Person-centered care

A

Individual responsibilities and lifestyle choices

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11
Q

Qualitative studies

A

Describe phenomena or define the historical nature, cultural relevance, or philosophical basis of aspects of nursing care

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12
Q

Quantitative studies

A

DEFINE situations, correlate different variables related to care, or test casual relationships between variables related to care

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13
Q

Wellness-illness continuum

A

Dichotomized (divided) portrayal of health and illness ranging from high-level wellness at the positive end to depletion of health at the negative end

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14
Q

High-level wellness

A

Sense of well being, life satisfaction, and quality of life
- Progression toward a higher level of functioning
- Emphasizes interrelationship between environment and health on personal and societal level
- A person can have a terminal disease and be emotionally prepared for death

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15
Q

Negative end

A

Includes adaptation to disease and disability through various levels of functional ability

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16
Q

Social ecological model

A

View of health at individual, family, community, and societal levels

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17
Q

Social determinants of health

A

Factors in society that have an influence on health

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18
Q

Ecological model of health

A

Adaptation and eudemonia (self-actualization)

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19
Q

Clinical model of health

A

People may not seek preventative health services or may wait until they’re very ill to seek care
- Health: absence of signs and symptoms of disease
- Illness: presence of signs and symptoms of disease

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20
Q

Role performance model of health

A

Basis for occupational health evaluations, school physical examinations, & physician-excused absences
- Health: based on whether a person can perform societal roles
- Illness: failure to perform roles at the level of others in society

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21
Q

Adaptive model of health

A

Ability to adapt positively to change

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22
Q

Eudaemonistic model of health

A

Exuberant well-being interaction and interrelationships in multiple aspects of life - interdisciplinary focus
- Illness: denervation or languishing - lack of involvement with life

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23
Q

Functioning

A

Levels reflected in terms of performance/social expectations
- Loss is an indicator of need for nursing intervention

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24
Q

Health

A

State of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning within developmental context
- Both individual and societal responsibility

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25
Disease
Failure of adaptive mechanisms - Results in functional or structural disturbances
26
Illness
Subjective experience of individual and physical manifestation of disease - Psychological, spiritual, and social components
27
Primordial prevention
Prevention before a risk factor develops - Healthy eating school-based programs - Reduction of sodium in food supply - Creating bike/walking paths
28
Primary prevention
Interventions before disease/dysfunction occurs - Immunizations - Lifestyle changes - Reducing exposure to carcinogens - Reducing occupational hazards
29
Secondary prevention
Early diagnosis, prompt treatment, disability limitation - applied to individuals/populations with disease - Screenings - Treating early stages of disease
30
Tertiary prevention
Maximizing remaining capacity to prevent complications/deterioration - Rehabilitating highest level of function for stroke patients
31
Quaternary prevention
Addressing over-medicalization of care recipients - Over diagnosing - Over treating
32
Culturally congruent practice
Guidelines are comprehensive and include elements of education, clinical training, self-reflection, care recipient advocacy, evidence-based practice, workforce, leadership, and systems development
33
Cultural respect
Becoming responsive to the cultural values of different peoples and to realize how cultural understanding could augment effective and humanistic care delivery
34
Female genital alteration (FGA)
More culturally sensitive term than FGM/C
35
Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C)
Partial or total removal, or injury, of external female genitalia for non medical reasons - No health benefit of this practice
36
Gender expression
A person’s external expression of gender identity and can be socially conforming or nonconforming
37
Gender identity
A person’s concept of themselves as male, female, both , or neither, and this can be the same or different as their sex at birth
38
Harm reduction
Seeks to improve both individual and community health by addressing damaging behaviors
39
Hot and cold concept of disease
Illness occurs when there is an imbalance between hot and cold - used as a guide to categorize illnesses and select appropriate treatments - Elevated body temperature: managed by giving the person a cool drink to lower the temperature
40
Intersectionality
The overlapping categorization of race, sex, and gender and resulting interdependent systems of discrimination and disadvantage
41
Yin
Feminine, negative, dark, and cold
42
Yang
Masculine, positive, light, and warm
43
Jing
Sexual energy
44
Nurse care systems
Specialized education; advanced knowledge, skills, and abilities; responsibility; and expectation of remuneration of services provided
45
Transcultural nursing
Focuses on discovering and explaining cultural factors that influence the health, well-being, illness, or death of individuals or groups and seeks to provide culturally based appropriate care to people of diverse cultures with a variety of health care and spiritual beliefs
46
Race
Historically associated with power and privilege disparities, social injustice, and prejudice
47
Ethnicity
Commonalities of culture - Language, history, customs, geographical origin, religion, or ancestry
48
Minority group
Commonly disadvantage in relation to power, control, and wealth
49
Culture (element of ethnicity)
Integrated patterns of human behavior - Language, thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, rules, values, institutions
50
Values
- Belief about the worth of something - Standards which influence behavior and thinking
51
Value orientation
- Values learned and shared through socialization - Reflect "personality type" of particular society
52
Immigrant
Foreign born resident - Authorized or unauthorized
53
Refugee
Immigrant who is unable or unwilling to return to country of origin due to persecution or fear of persecution - Experience history of violence, abuse, poverty, religious persecution
54
Folk healing practices
Reflect beliefs, values, treatment of a cultural group - Unlicensed: lay midwives, herbalists, spiritualists
55
Holistic approach
Incorporates family and support system in care and considers the patient's viewpoint
56
Age-developmental focus
As individuals fulfill developmental tasks, complexity increases - Tasks provide learning opportunities for individuals to maintain and improve their health
57
Cultural attunement
Using cultural norms, values, communication, and time patterns in reflective practice - Nurses practicing cultural humility
58
Culturally competent care
Delivered with knowledge of and sensitivity to cultural factors influencing health behavior
59
Functional focus
An individual’s performance level - PTs and OTs focus on physical ability to perform ADLs
60
Individual environmental focus
Environmental influences occurring across multiple patterns - Role relationships, family values, and societal mores
61
Pattern focus
Implies that nurses explore patterns or sequences of behavior over time
62
Pre contemplation stage of rediness
Not considering change
63
Contemplation stage of readiness
Considering change
64
Planning and preparation stage of readiness
Planning change
65
Action stage of readiness
Implementing change
66
Maintenance stage of readiness
Maintaining change
67
Developmental theory
Approaches families from the perspective of tasks and progression through cycles
68
Family
A group of interacting individuals related by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption who interdependently perform relevant functions by fulfilling expected roles
69
Family developmental tasks
Revolve around goals of reorganization to prepare for the expanding world of school-age children
70
Family health status
Considered functional, potentially dysfunctional (potential problem), or dysfunctional (actual problem)
71
Family nursing plans
Helps families promote health throughout the life cycle and prevents disease through decreasing risk-taking behaviors
72
Family nursing interventions
Aim to assist families in performing functions that members can’t perform for themselves
73
Family resilience
How some families, during difficult times, experience changes that reveal useful strengths and abilities for personal interaction and growth
74
Family risk factors
Can be inferred from lifestyle; biological factors; environmental factors; social, psychological, cultural, and spiritual dimensions; and the health care system
75
Family strengths
Contribute to family unity and solidarity that foster the development of inherent family potential
76
Family theory
Explains patterns of living among the individuals who comprise family systems

NUR 304 (1 decks)

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