Exam 1 Flashcards
Where in the GI tract are Peyer’s patches located?
Ileum
Function of M cells in GALT?
Uptake of antigens, therefore can be exploited for pathogen entry if GALT or intestinal epithelium is damaged
Defense mechanisms of the oral cavity (4)
- Taste buds - reject toxic materials
- Indigenous micro flora - compete for attachment site
- Saliva - flushing, protective coating, antimicrobial, anti foaming
- Rapid healing ability
Cleft palate = ?
Palatoschisis
Palatoschisis = ?
Cleft palate
Cleft lip = ?
Cheiloschisis
Cheiloschisis = ?
Cleft lip
Prognathia = ?
Underbite, mandible extends past maxilla
Brachygnathia = ?
Overbite, maxilla extends past mandible
Layers of teeth outer to inner?
Outer = enamel
Dentin
Cementum
Pulp
Anondontia = ?
No teeth
Oligodontia = ?
Fewer than normal number of teeth
Polydontia = ?
Excessive number of teeth
Pseudopolydontia = ?
Retention of deciduous teeth
Heterotrophic polydontia = ?
Extra teeth, or teeth outside the dental arcade (“ear tooth”)
Dentigerous cyst = ?
Cyst containing malformed tooth
Malocclusion = ?. Common in what species?
Abnormal jaw configuration or rarely abnormal tooth eruption patterns. Rabbits and rodents because teeth are continuously erupting, can overgrow if not receiving enough roughage in diet.
Enamel hypoplasia = ?
Enamel fails to develop to normal size
During tooth development, what factors can result in ameloblast damage that causes defects in enamel or abnormal enamel?
CDV, fluoride toxicosis, malnutrition, Vit A deficiency
What factors can cause tooth discoloration?
Tetracycline antibiotics, congenital porphyria
What is tartar/calculus composed of?
Sloughed epithelial cells, inflammatory cells, food, bacteria. These form calcium salts
What does tartar predispose an animal to?
Gingivitis and periodontitis
Microanatomical changes seen with periodontal disease?
Gingival crest recession, inflammatory infiltration, subgingival calculus, resorption of bone, loss of epithelial attachment, edema, degeneration of peri dental membrane, deepening of pocket
Dental attrition = ?
Wearing down/degeneration of teeth so that there is unevenness