exam 1

Question 1

macromolecules

Answer 1

large biologically important molecules; polymers

Question 2

polymers

Answer 2

large molecules composed of multiple subunits called monomers

Question 3

how is each category of macromolecules defined?

Answer 3

by its monomers

Question 4

condensation reactions

Answer 4

link monomers together to form a polymer (macromolecules)

Question 5

what is formed as a product of the condensation reaction?

Answer 5

water molecules

Question 6

hydrolysis

Answer 6

water lysis; water is used as a reactant to break macromolecules back into their individual monomers

Question 7

what breaks down a macromolecule?

Answer 7

hydrolysis

Question 8

what builds a macromolecule?

Answer 8

condensation reaction

Question 9

carbohydrates

Answer 9

monosaccharides (glucose, fructose)

Question 10

polymers of monsaccharides

Answer 10

polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen)

Question 11

cellulose

Answer 11

in plant cell walls. provides shape and structure (strength and rigidity) to plant cells

Question 12

monomer of cellulose

Answer 12

beta glucose

Question 13

polymer of beta glucose monomers held together by beta linkages

Answer 13

cellulose

Question 14

how do cows break cellulose?

Answer 14

harbor microorganisms that do have enzymes to break beta linkages (hydrolyze cellulose)

Question 15

electrophoresis

Answer 15

one of the major ways to separate and identify proteins

Question 16

electrophoretic separation

Answer 16

depends on the net electrical charge of proteins

Question 17

each protein has at least one of each

Answer 17

carboxyl group and amino group

Question 18

carboxyl group

Answer 18

negative charge at physiological pH

Question 19

amino groups

Answer 19

positive charge at physiological pH

Question 20

isoelectric point

Answer 20

environmental pH where the protein has a net zero charge