Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psysiology & Anatomy > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Ion

A

Atom or molecule with a positive or negative charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Buffer

A

Chemical substance or system that minimizes change in pH by releasing or binding hydrogen ions

Resists change in pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chemical energy

A

Break down of things, energy stored in the bonds of chemical substancess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Serosa

A

The moist membrane found in closed ventral body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Water loving, molecules that will dissolve in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Water fearing, molecules that will not dissolve in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cilia

A

Tiny, hairlike projections of a cell, may move in a wavelike manner to propel substances across the exposed cell surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Flagella

A

Long, whiplike cellular extensions containing microtubules, propels sperm and some single celled eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides body into front and back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides body into right and left sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides body into top and bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Enzyme

A

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst to speed up reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diffusion

A

The spreading of particles in a gas or solution with a movement toward uniform distribution of particles, driven by kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Integumentary System

A

F: protection, converts vitamin D, regulate body temperature

C: Mostly made of skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Skeletal System

A

F: supports and holds up body, protects (brain & organs), storage of calcium

C: made of bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Muscular System

A

F: movement, posture, produce body heat

C: made of muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nervous system

A

F: monitors and makes changes using hormones, lets cells make stuff or break it down

C: made of brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Endocrine System

A

F: monitors and makes changes using hormones, regulates how hormones are released

C: made of glands and ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

F: move blood throughout the body

C: made of heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lymphatic System

A

F: transports extra fluid, removes extra fluid

C: made of lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Digestive system

A

F: break down food so it can be used or disregarded

C: made of stomach, intestines, mouth, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Respiratory System

A

F: takes in oxygen and releases co2

C: made of lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Urinary System

A

F: filters blood and eliminates through urine

C: made up of bladder and kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Reproductive System

A

F: Reproduce

C: made of ovaries and testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Ionic bond
Electrons are transferred from one to another
26
Polar covalent bond
Electrons are shared unequally
27
Nonpolar covalent bonds
Electrons are shared equally
28
Hydrogen bonds
Weakest bond, hydrogen is attached to an electronegative atom
29
Covalent bonds
Strongest bond, electrons are shared
30
Chemical bonds
When 2 atoms are sharing or stealing electrons to become stable
31
Acidic pH
0-6 | More hydroganium
32
Basic pH
8-14 | More hydroxide
33
Neutral pH
7
34
Superior
Towards top of body
35
Inferior
Towards bottom of body
36
Anterior/ ventral
Front of body
37
Posterior/ dorsal
Back of body
38
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
39
Lateral
Farther from midline of body
40
Proximal
Closer to point of attachment
41
Distal
Farther from point of attachment
42
Superficial
Outermost layer of body
43
Deep
Inner part of body
44
Positive feedback
Takes original change and makes it bigger Ex. Blood clotting, start with one platelet in cut, more come to heal cut
45
Negative feedback
More common, take original change and fixes where needs fixed Ex. Body temp
46
Variable in homeostasis
Things that change
47
Receptor in homeostasis
Recognizes the change
48
Control center in homeostasis
Tells when to do action
49
Effector in homeostasis
Changes the variable
50
Homeostasis
Dynamic equilibrium of the internal environment Maintaining balance while constantly changing
51
Atomic #
of protons and electrons
52
Mass #
(# of protons) + (# of neutrons)= electrons Bottom number
53
Protons
Positive charge
54
Neutrons
No charge
55
Electrons
Negative charge
56
Carbohydrates
F: energy storage, build structures C: end in -ose, 1C : 2H : 1O, polar and hydrophilic
57
Lipids
F: energy storage, structures in cell, hormones C: nonpolar, hydrophobic, monomer=fatty acids
58
Nucleic acids
F: information storage, spends energy C: large complex molecules, monomer= nucleotides
59
Proteins
F: shape determines function, if shape is lost it cant do its job C: monomer= amino acids, denaturalization
60
Dorsal body cavity
Protects the fragile nervous system organs in back of body Subdivided into cranial and vertebral
61
Cranial cavity
Skull, encases the brain
62
Vertebral cavity
Encloses the spinal cord
63
Ventral body cavity
Front body cavities Subdivided into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
64
Thoracic cavity
Contains heart and lungs
65
Abdominal cavity
Contains digestive viscera
66
Pelvic cavity
Contains bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
67
Prokaryote
Lack a nucleus and bound organelles, undergo changes easily
68
Eukaryote
Have a nucleus and bound organelles
69
Nucleus
Stores DNA and has membrane
70
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The room or area where cells build things
71
Rough ER
Designated place where proteins are built
72
Smooth ER
Designated place where lipids are built
73
Ribosomes
Workers/ build the proteins
74
Golgi Apparatus
Sorts through the molecules (products), packages them up (chemical tags), and ships them out in bubbles
75
Vesicle
Delivery truck, broken off bubble of information from Golgi
76
lysosomes
garbage disposal of cell, break stuff down with chemicals and can self destruct
77
peroxisomes
breaks down toxins and alcohol
78
Mitochondria
Creates usable energy within the cell, takes in nutrients and puts it into ATP
79
Cytoskeleton
framework of cell, helps maintain cell shape, helps division and movement
80
Membranes
monitors what goes in and out of the cell
81
Selectively permeable
doesn't allow large or polar molecules into cell but lets non polar and small molecules through
82
Passive Transport
Molecules go from a higher concentration to a lower concentration not requiring energy
83
facilitated diffusion in passive transport
movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low with the help of a protein
84
Active transport
movement of molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration against the gradient, requiring energy
85
membrane pumps in active transport
proteins that change shape to move molecules across a membrane
86
membrane assisted transport in active transport
large molecules, membrane changes shape to move molecules

Psysiology & Anatomy (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions