Exam 1

Question 1

the study of structures and relationships between structures of the human body

Answer 1

anatomy

Question 2

deals with structures that are macroscopic; observable with the naked eye

Answer 2

gross anatomy

Question 3

deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye

Answer 3

microscopic anatomy

Question 4

study of the functions of specific organ systems and cellular/molecular events; how all elements carry out processes for necessary life

Answer 4

physiology

Question 5

what a structure can do depends on its specific form

Answer 5

principle of complementarity of structure and function

Question 6

Function is dependent on _____, and the form of a structure is related to its _____.

Answer 6

structure, function

Question 7

levels of structural organization:

Answer 7

atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 8

smallest unit of life

Answer 8

cell

Question 9

protection, support, and movement

Answer 9

integumentary, skeletal, and muscular

Question 10

communication and integration

Answer 10

endocrine and nervous

Question 11

defense and assimilation

Answer 11

lymphatic and immune

Question 12

gas exchange

Answer 12

respiratory and cardiovascular

Question 13

transport

Answer 13

circulatory

Question 14

absorption and excretion

Answer 14

digestive, reproductive, and urinary

Question 15

reproduction

Answer 15

male and female reproductive

Question 16

the body is erect, palms face forward, and thumbs point away from the body, eyes facing forward, feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides (position always assumed)

Answer 16

anatomical position

Question 17

In anatomical position, right and left refer to the right and left sides of the _____.

Answer 17

person viewed

Question 18

anatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks on the surface of the body

Answer 18

regional terms

Question 19

body trunk

Answer 19

axial region

Question 20

arms and legs

Answer 20

appendicular region

Question 21

flat surfaces that lie at right angles to each other

Answer 21

plane

Question 22

slice of a structure (how its cut)

Answer 22

section

Question 23

divides the body or organ into left and right sides

Answer 23

sagittal

Question 24

produces equal halves

Answer 24

midsagittal

Question 25

produces unequal halves

Answer 25

parasagittal

Question 26

divides the body or organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions

Answer 26

frontal/coronal

Question 27

divides the body or organ into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions

Answer 27

transverse/horizontal

Question 28

divides the body or organ diagonally

Answer 28

oblique

Question 29

open spaces within the body closed to the outside; contain the internal organs

Answer 29

body cavities

Question 30

protects/houses the central nervous system

Answer 30

dorsal body

Question 31

The dorsal body contains:

Answer 31

cranial cavity and vertebral (spinal) cavity

Question 32

The dorsal body is lined with _____.

Answer 32

meninges

Question 33

contains the brain; formed by the skull

Answer 33

cranial cavity

Question 34

contains spinal cord; formed by vertebral column

Answer 34

vertebral (spinal) cavity

Question 35

anterior and larger of the closed body cavities; houses viscera

Answer 35

ventral body cavity

Question 36

body organs

Answer 36

viscera

Question 37

The ventral body cavity is lined with _____.

Answer 37

serous membranes

Question 38

The ventral body contains:

Answer 38

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Question 39

body cavity located above the diaphragm

Answer 39

thoracic cavity

Question 40

contains the lungs

Answer 40

pleura

Question 41

area between the lungs containing the heart and thymus gland

Answer 41

mediastinum

Question 42

contains heart and thymus; lies within the mediastinum

Answer 42

pericardium

Question 43

body cavity that contains diaphragm; arbitrary boundary (no tissue)

Answer 43

abdominopelvic cavity

Question 44

The abdominopelvic cavity is lined with _____.

Answer 44

peritoneum

Question 45

The abdominopelvic cavity contains:

Answer 45

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Question 46

contains digestive organs

Answer 46

abdominal cavity

Question 47

contains bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs

Answer 47

pelvic cavity

Question 48

large, dome-shaped muscle; separates thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Answer 48

diaphragm

Question 49

prevents friction between the organ and the body cavity wall (serosae)

Answer 49

serous membrane

Question 50

lines body cavity walls

Answer 50

parietal serosa

Question 51

covers outer surfaces of organs

Answer 51

visceral serosa

Question 52

unique to heart; most superficial

Answer 52

fibrous

Question 53

Serous membranes secrete/separated by a thin layer of _____ (lubricant) found in the _____ (area between parietal and visceral).

Answer 53

serous fluid, serous cavity

Question 54

toward the head

Answer 54

superior

Question 55

away from the head

Answer 55

inferior

Question 56

front of the body

Answer 56

anterior (ventral)

Question 57

back of the body

Answer 57

posterior (dorsal)

Question 58

away from the midline of the body

Answer 58

lateral

Question 59

toward the midline of the body

Answer 59

medial

Question 60

on the same side of the body

Answer 60

ipsilateral

Question 61

on opposite sides of the body

Answer 61

contralateral

Question 62

closer to the point of attachment

Answer 62

proximal

Question 63

away from the point of attachment

Answer 63

distal

Question 64

toward or at the body surface

Answer 64

superficial

Question 65

away from the body surface; inner core

Answer 65

deep

Question 66

contains the abdomen

Answer 66

peritoneum

Question 67

contains the heart

Answer 67

pericardium