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Anatomy and Physiology I > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of structures and relationships between structures of the human body

A

anatomy

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2
Q

deals with structures that are macroscopic; observable with the naked eye

A

gross anatomy

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3
Q

deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye

A

microscopic anatomy

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4
Q

study of the functions of specific organ systems and cellular/molecular events; how all elements carry out processes for necessary life

A

physiology

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5
Q

what a structure can do depends on its specific form

A

principle of complementarity of structure and function

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6
Q

Function is dependent on _____, and the form of a structure is related to its _____.

A

structure, function

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7
Q

levels of structural organization:

A

atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

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8
Q

smallest unit of life

A

cell

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9
Q

protection, support, and movement

A

integumentary, skeletal, and muscular

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10
Q

communication and integration

A

endocrine and nervous

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11
Q

defense and assimilation

A

lymphatic and immune

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12
Q

gas exchange

A

respiratory and cardiovascular

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13
Q

transport

A

circulatory

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14
Q

absorption and excretion

A

digestive, reproductive, and urinary

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15
Q

reproduction

A

male and female reproductive

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16
Q

the body is erect, palms face forward, and thumbs point away from the body, eyes facing forward, feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides (position always assumed)

A

anatomical position

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17
Q

In anatomical position, right and left refer to the right and left sides of the _____.

A

person viewed

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18
Q

anatomical terms that refer to specific visible landmarks on the surface of the body

A

regional terms

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19
Q

body trunk

A

axial region

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20
Q

arms and legs

A

appendicular region

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21
Q

flat surfaces that lie at right angles to each other

A

plane

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22
Q

slice of a structure (how its cut)

A

section

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23
Q

divides the body or organ into left and right sides

A

sagittal

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24
Q

produces equal halves

A

midsagittal

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25
Q

produces unequal halves

A

parasagittal

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26
Q

divides the body or organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions

A

frontal/coronal

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27
Q

divides the body or organ into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions

A

transverse/horizontal

28
Q

divides the body or organ diagonally

A

oblique

29
Q

open spaces within the body closed to the outside; contain the internal organs

A

body cavities

30
Q

protects/houses the central nervous system

A

dorsal body

31
Q

The dorsal body contains:

A

cranial cavity and vertebral (spinal) cavity

32
Q

The dorsal body is lined with _____.

A

meninges

33
Q

contains the brain; formed by the skull

A

cranial cavity

34
Q

contains spinal cord; formed by vertebral column

A

vertebral (spinal) cavity

35
Q

anterior and larger of the closed body cavities; houses viscera

A

ventral body cavity

36
Q

body organs

A

viscera

37
Q

The ventral body cavity is lined with _____.

A

serous membranes

38
Q

The ventral body contains:

A

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

39
Q

body cavity located above the diaphragm

A

thoracic cavity

40
Q

contains the lungs

A

pleura

41
Q

area between the lungs containing the heart and thymus gland

A

mediastinum

42
Q

contains heart and thymus; lies within the mediastinum

A

pericardium

43
Q

body cavity that contains diaphragm; arbitrary boundary (no tissue)

A

abdominopelvic cavity

44
Q

The abdominopelvic cavity is lined with _____.

A

peritoneum

45
Q

The abdominopelvic cavity contains:

A

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

46
Q

contains digestive organs

A

abdominal cavity

47
Q

contains bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs

A

pelvic cavity

48
Q

large, dome-shaped muscle; separates thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

A

diaphragm

49
Q

prevents friction between the organ and the body cavity wall (serosae)

A

serous membrane

50
Q

lines body cavity walls

A

parietal serosa

51
Q

covers outer surfaces of organs

A

visceral serosa

52
Q

unique to heart; most superficial

A

fibrous

53
Q

Serous membranes secrete/separated by a thin layer of _____ (lubricant) found in the _____ (area between parietal and visceral).

A

serous fluid, serous cavity

54
Q

toward the head

A

superior

55
Q

away from the head

A

inferior

56
Q

front of the body

A

anterior (ventral)

57
Q

back of the body

A

posterior (dorsal)

58
Q

away from the midline of the body

A

lateral

59
Q

toward the midline of the body

A

medial

60
Q

on the same side of the body

A

ipsilateral

61
Q

on opposite sides of the body

A

contralateral

62
Q

closer to the point of attachment

A

proximal

63
Q

away from the point of attachment

A

distal

64
Q

toward or at the body surface

A

superficial

65
Q

away from the body surface; inner core

A

deep

66
Q

contains the abdomen

A

peritoneum

67
Q

contains the heart

A

pericardium

Anatomy and Physiology I (1 decks)

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