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Land/ISR > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of ISTAR?

A

To provide Accurate, Relevant and Timely information

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2
Q

Name the 5 infrastructure nodes for Reaper

A 
Ground Control Station (GCS) 
Fibre Optic
Fixed Site Satelitte Terminal (FSST)
Ku Satelitte
Reaper
Ground Data Terminal (GDT)
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3
Q

Name the crew nodes for Reaper

A

Mission Control Element (MCE)

Launch & Recovery Team (LRT)

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4
Q

What does LTM stand for (and usage)

A

Laser Target Marker

Allows platform to provide a laser mark (sparkle) for SA on enemy positions / HLS sites

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5
Q

What does LRD stand for and what is it’s purpose?

A

Laser Range Designator

Munition release (weapon drop). Uses PRF to designate target position and info for weapons

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6
Q

Name one disadvantage of Reaper

A

Only one data link. If you lose this then you will lose comms and control over the aircraft

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7
Q

NDIR meaning and platforms

A

Non Dedicated ISR

Typhoon and F-35

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8
Q

Which waves does land focus on?

A

Infra red (medium wave) and visible light (EO/IR)

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9
Q

Name 5 factors that affect EO/IR cameras

A 
Precipitation
Sun
Clouds
Visibility
Fog
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10
Q

What is the IR phenomena and when does it occur?

A

It is the thermal crossover (emissivity blends so objects no longer stand out)

Occurs + - 1 hour after sunrise and sunset

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11
Q

How do we mitigate thermal crossover?

A

Changing the polarity of the camera (black hot and white hot)

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12
Q

What is the difference between ISR and ISTAR?

A

ISR- Strategic and Operational level (C2)

ISTAR- Tactical level

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13
Q

What are the 7 elements to the EO/IR turret?

A 
Gimbal
Turret
Master Control Unit (MCU)
Controls
Displays
Recorders
Downlink
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14
Q

One line describing the turret

A

Contains the EOW (left hand side), EON (right hand side), LTM and LTR, IR camera

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15
Q

One line describing the Gimbal

A

Performs stabilisation, steering and pointing

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16
Q

Two types of ‘thermal scarring’

A

Hot and Cold

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17
Q

One line describing the MCU

A

Controls, manipulates and processes the data from the payload (brains of the system)

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18
Q

What do joystick controls operate?

A

Steering function of the turret

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19
Q

What do operator controls operate?

A

All other controls aside from the steering function

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20
Q

Two types of displays

A

Master monitor (shows video in command)

Repeater screens (repeat of master monitor)

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21
Q

One line describing the Recorder

A

Either built into the MCU (auto controlled) or as a separate recorder (operator controlled)

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22
Q

One line describing the downlink

A

Can be encrypted and sent to ground stations to provide better SA

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23
Q

What are the azimuth and elevation limitations of the turret?

A

Azimuth is 360°, elevation limit is dependant on platform

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24
Q

What is the phenomenon called when the turret spins after going over a target directly?

A

Nadir effect

25
Q

Intelligence cycle

A

Intel customers
Intel requirements manager

Direction
Collection (through collection manager)
Process
Disseminate

Review (in centre)

26
Q

ISR Process

A 
Task
Collect
Process
Exploit
Disseminate
Feedback
27
Q

What is a true black body?

A

An object with a emissivity value of one.

28
Q

What is IRCAGE?

A 
Infra
Red
Choke points
Aiming markers
Ground disturbance
Environment
29
Q

What is CLEWS?

A 
Cover
LOS
Escape routes
Weapons
Spotters
30
Q

What technique do we use to find a location?

A

Funnel search

31
Q

2 types of scan?

A

Rolling box (keeps target on screen)

RASTER scan (used for scan of large area)

32
Q

What is GODBEE?

A 
Get information
Orientate
Discuss
Brief
Execute
Evaluate

Re start cycle!

33
Q

What is a squirter?

A

An enemy fleeing the battle scene

34
Q

What is PID?

A

Positive Identification.

When a trained individual positively identifies an individual or weapon system.

35
Q

What is CDE?

A

Collateral Damage Estimate.

Calculated by the CAOC.

36
Q

What is BDA?

A

Battle Damage Assessment.

Does it meet military objectives?

Estimation of damage through lethal / non-lethal action

Physical and functional damage

37
Q

Name 3/4 ‘key’ EO/IR roles

A 
Target Development
Pattern of Life
Convoy Support /Route recce
Counter IED (CIED)
HLS recce
Raid Support
Joint Personnel Recovery
Target Illumination / CAS
Battle Damage Assessment
38
Q

What are the main similarities and differences between PAS and RPAS?

A

SIMILARITIES:

All operators are to abide by LOAC

Both types of platform operate with SOP’s

DIFFERENCES:

Crewed and Uncrewed aircraft

RPAS has weapons deployment functionality

39
Q

What is meant by the term ‘slant’?

A

Report containing number of male/female/children in the order of ‘Bravo/Echo/Kilo’.

“Slant 5/5/2”

40
Q

Where can you ‘Get Information’ from?

A

JTAC (8 line)/ ATO/ RSTA/ J2/ Aircraft Handover

41
Q

What is meant by the term ‘handshake’?

A

Video link received and link confirmed by JTAC

42
Q

What is meant by the term ‘Hollow’?

A

Video link not received by JTAC

43
Q

Three levels of the intelligence cycle

A

Strategic
Operational
Tactical

44
Q

What does MCE stand for when describing the operators for reaper?

A

Mission
Control
Element

45
Q

What ISR capability does the typhoon have?

A

NDISR (Litening III Pod)

46
Q

What ISR capability does the F35 have?

A

NDISR (Electro-Optical Targeting System and Synthetic Appature Radar)

47
Q

What phases of Process, Exploitation, Dissemination are there?

A

Phase 0/1- carried on board by sensor op, real time inputs from Downlink to SU

Phase 2/3- Carried out off board by an agency (then fed back into the iny cycle)

48
Q

What happens if we lose PID on a target?

A

PID needs to be regained by a trained individual

49
Q

Describe Pattern Of Life

A

Building a picture of the ‘normal’ so the ‘abnormal’ stands out. (Routes, Routines, Bed times, Cooking times)

50
Q

Describe convoy support/route recce

A

Pre, during and post.

Remain ahead of convoy, point out possible hazards, ensure ‘no comms’ procedure

51
Q

Describe CIED ops

A

Counter IED
Operate in ‘peak activity’ times
Use ‘IRCAGE’ pneumonic

52
Q

Describe HLS recce

A

Scan for suitable area (flat, suitable location, no obstructions)
Use ‘sparkle’ to illuminate

53
Q

Describe raid support

A

Scan area for spotters/snipers
Look out for squirters
Report through pre determined channels

54
Q

Describe JPR

A

Joint Personnel Recovery
Co ordinated by CAOC
Looking for friendly forces and keeping an eye out for enemy forces
Clearing HLS spot

55
Q

Describe Target Illumination/CAS

A

Using sparkle to give SU’s Sit Awareness of enemy position

Using CAS to destroy / delay enemy in close proximity to friendly troops

56
Q

How do we ‘orientate’?

A

Identify key features (roads, rivers, tree lines, buildings)

Relate to map

Use funnel technique

57
Q

A-H’S to describe individual

A 
Age
Build
Clothing
Distinguishing features
Elevation (height)
Face
Gait
Hair
Sex
58
Q

Similarities and differences with manned and unmanned platforms

A

Crewed and Uncrewed
Weapons capabilities
SA
Emergency drills

Land/ISR (2 decks)

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