Exam 1 Flashcards
Define veracity.
duty to always be truthful
What are the 2 reasons restraints can be used?
- behavior is out of control
- immediate risk to physical safety and psychological well-being of self and others
What is the difference between adapative and maladaptive coping strategies?
– adaptive: protect the individual from harm and restore physical and psychological equilibrium
– maladaptive: when the conflict experienced goes unresolved or intensifies
Describe denial as a defense mechanism.
non-acceptance of a feeling/situation
Describe dissociation as a defense mechanism.
separating a mental or behavior process from the rest of the person’s consciousness or identity
Describe projection as a defense mechanism.
attributing one’s thoughts or impulses to another person; blaming others
Describe regression as a defense mechanism.
retreating to an earlier level of development
Describe splitting as a defense mechanism.
all good or all bad
Describe fixation as a defense mechanism.
failure to move on to the next level of development
Describe rationalization as a defense mechanism.
using a socially acceptable excuse or logical reason for unacceptable behavior or feelings
Describe reaction formation as a defense mechanism.
covering up unacceptable thoughts or behaviors by exaggerating the opposite thought or behavior
Describe repression as a defense mechanism.
involuntary blocking
Describe suppression as a defense mechanism.
voluntary blocking
Describe isolation/intellectualization as a defense mechanism.
overwhelming feelings that lead to isolation
Describe assertiveness as a defense mechanism.
respectfully expressing your thoughts and needs
Describe compensation as a defense mechanism.
covering up a weakness by emphasizing a trait that one considers desirable
Describe sublimation as a defense mechanism.
rechanneling impulses that are socially unacceptable to constructive activities
What are the 2 symptoms of anxiety disorders?
- anxiety
- avoidance
What are somatic symptom disorders?
when physical symptoms emerge for which that there is no evident organic pathology
What are dissociative disorders?
disruption in usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment
What are the 5 stages of grief in order?
- denial
- anger
- bargaining
- depression
- acceptance
What is anticipatory grief?
experiencing grief before the loss actually occurs
What often lengthens the grieving process?
guilt
What may shorten the grieving process?
anticipatory grieving
What occurs when a person experiences maladaptive grief responses?
- unable to progress through stages of grief
- individual becomes fixed in denial or anger stage of grief
What are the 3 types of grief responses that are pathological?
- prolonged: preoccupation with memories of the loss entity many years after
- delayed/inhibited: fixed in the denial stage
- distorted: fixed in the anger stage; may culminate in pathological depression
For which demographic is suicide the 2nd leading cause of death?
young Americans aged 10 - 34
What is a huge risk factor for suicide attempt?
hx of previous suicide attempt
Describe how gender affects the risks factors for suicide?
- women attempt suicide more often
- men complete suicide more often
- men use more lethal means
- transgender are at higher risk
Summarize important risk factors for suicide with the mnemonic IS PATH WARM.
- ideation
- substance abuse
- purposelessness
- anxiety
- trapped
- hopelessness
- withdrawal
- anger/change in behavior
- recklessness
- mood changes
Differentiate between transference and countertransference.
– transference: pt unconsciously displaces feelings formed toward a person from the past onto the nurse
– countertransference: nurse unconsciously displaces feelings formed toward a person from the past onto the pt
Between delirium, dementia, and depression, which has an acute or insidious onset?
- delirium = acute
- dementia = insidious
- depression = acute or insidious
Describe the course of development for delirium, dementia, and depression.
- delirium = fluctuating – periods of improvement and worsening
- dementia = progressive – gradual worsening
- depression = may be chronic
Describe duration of delirium, dementia, and depression.
- delirium = hours to weeks
- dementia = months to years
- depression = months to years
Describe the level of consciousness for delirium, dementia, and depression.
- delirium = altered
- dementia = usually clear
- depression = clear
Between delirium, dementia, and depression, which condition is irreversible?
dementia
