Exam 1 Flashcards
exercise science definition
the scientific study of human movement performed to maintain or improve physical fitness
test definition
tool or instrument to make a measurement
ex: written, physical performance, technological, clinical
measurement
the act of collecting or assessing something which a decision is based on
evaluation
use of the measurement in making the decision
worthiness, goodness, merit, value
important test characteristics
reliability, validity, discrimination, practicality and mass testability, and documentation
process of evaluation
1) collect suitable data (measurement)
2) judge the value to a standard (evaluation)
3) make a decision based on the data
function of evaluation
make good decisions for the client
functions of measurements and evaluations
placement, diagnosis, evaluation achievement, prediction, program placement, motivation
summative evaluation
judgment of achievements at the end of the program
formative evaluation
judgment of achievements during the stages of the program
standards for evaluation
criterion reference standard
norm-referenced standard
criterion reference standard
absolute evaluation; based on your scores where are you on the charts/percentiles
norm-references standard
relative evaluation; compared to other people
models of evaluation
educational model
fitness assessment model
body composition
the study of components of the body and their relative proportions
OR
study of relative proportions of fat and fat-free mass tissue in the body (total body fat percentage)
importance of body composition
health-clinical value, athletic training program, control body weight, improve health
the focus of body composition
estimate body fat and muscle mass percentage
uses of body composition assessments
identify health risks and promote understanding of health risks
assess the effectiveness of exercise and diets
estimate ideal body weight to create programs
the direct method of measuring body composition
dissection of muscles
indirect methods of measuring body composition
hydrostatic weighing, DEXA, BIA, BMI
hydrostatic weighing
body fat percent assessment
determining body density
test residual volume
DEXA
test for osteroporosis
measure bone density
fat and lean tissue measurements
can test regionally
gold standards to assess body composition
hydrostatic weighing and DEXA
common and cheap ways to assess body composition
BMI, waist circumference, skinfold, BIA, bod pod
BMI
body mass index = weight (kg)/height (m^2)
normal range is 18.5-24.9
limitations of BMI
measures excess weight rather than excess fat mass
age, sex, ethnicity not taken into account
BIA
estimating body composition, %body fat
electric current flows throughout the body
BodPod
uses pressure and volume to determine body composition
body density
aerobic fitness
the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to the muscles to perform dynamic physical activity
indicator of functional capacity of heart, lungs, and body
aerobic fitness test
VO2 max (L/min) or (mL*kg/min)
METS
1 MET = VO2 / 3.5mL*kg/min
the gold standard for aerobic fitness
VO2 max
lab methods for aerobic fitness
max exercise performance
sub max exercise performance
max exercise performance
more accurate
voluntary exhaustion
open-circuit computer calculations
submaximal exercise performance
less accurate but more practical VO2 based on HR slope 1) HR increased as O2 usage increased 2) VO2 reached max HR 3) less fit will have a higher HR
field methods for aerobic fitness
distance runs, step tests, 1-mile walk test, VO2 without exercise
