Exam 1

Question 1

Define data

Answer 1

collections of observations, such as measurements, genders, or survey responses

Question 2

give examples of data

Answer 2

heights of people, salaries of teachers, students’ favorite colors

Question 3

define statistics

Answer 3

the science of planning studies and experiments, obtaining data, and organizing summarizing, and presenting those data and then drawing conclusions based on them.

Question 4

define population

Answer 4

the complete collection of all measurements or data that are being considered

Question 5

typically, a _________ population is the complete collection of data that we would like to make inferences about

Answer 5

population

Question 6

census

Answer 6

the collection of data from every member of a population

Question 7

sample

Answer 7

a sub-collection of members selected from a population

Question 8

random sample

Answer 8

members of a population are selected randomly

Question 9

data is statistically significant if the likelihood of an event occurring by chance is _% or less

Answer 9

5

Question 10

define practical significance

Answer 10

the treatment/finding does not make enough of a difference to justify its use

Question 11

parameter

Answer 11

a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population

Question 12

statistic

Answer 12

a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample

Question 13

give the parameter of this data: There are 17 million high school students in the United States. In a study of 8500 U.S. high school students, 44.5% of them said that they texted while driving at least once during the last month

Answer 13

the population size of 17 million high school students

Question 14

give the statistics of this data: There are 17 million high school students in the United States. In a study of 8500 U.S. high school students, 44.5% of them said that they texted while driving at least once during the last month

Answer 14

the sample size of 8500 surveyed high school students

Question 15

quantitative data

Answer 15

consists of numbers representing counts or measurements

Question 16

give examples of quantitative data

Answer 16

the weights of people, the ages of respondents, the number of siblings

Question 17

categorical data

Answer 17

consists of names or labels, not numbers that represent counts or measurements

Question 18

give examples of categorical data

Answer 18

the gender of athletes, the eye color of people

Question 19

categorical data are sometimes coded with ________s

Answer 19

numbers

Question 20

give example of categorical data coded with numbers

Answer 20

shirt numbers on athlete uniforms

Question 21

quantitative data can be further described by differentiating between ______ and ________ types

Answer 21

discrete, continous

Question 22

discrete data

Answer 22

result when data values are quantitative and the number of values is countable

Question 23

discrete data can only take on ______ values

Answer 23

specific

Question 24

discrete data examples

Answer 24

number of cars that each households has, the number of UNR employees, the number of tosses of a coin before getting tails

Question 25

continuous data

Answer 25

result from infinitely many possible quantitative values, where collection of values is not countable

Question 26

continuous data can take on any _____ in an interval

Answer 26

value

Question 27

continuous data consists of ________s representing ______________s

Answer 27

number, measurement

Question 28

continuous data examples

Answer 28

length of distances from 0 cm to 12 cm, volume of blood drawn between 0 mL and 50 mL, and height, weight, speed of a car

Question 29

discrete or continuous, why: the number of different employees go to bathroom in a workday

Answer 29

discrete, it is a specific value and not a measurement; countable

Question 30

discrete or continuous, why: amount of sugar in a sugar bowl is .75 cups

Answer 30

continuous, it is a measurement and can be many numbers between intervals

Question 31

we typically obtain data from what two distinct sources

Answer 31

observational studies and experiments