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NUR 356 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

As a nurse you…

A
  • Offer skilled care to those recuperating from illness or injury
  • Advocate for patients’ rights
  • Teach patients to manage their health
  • Support patients and their caregivers at critical times
  • Help them navigate the complex healthcare systems
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2
Q

ENA

A

Emergency nurses association

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3
Q

AACN

A

American association of critical care nurses

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4
Q

AORN

A

Association of periOperative RNs

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5
Q

ONS

A

Oncology nurses society

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6
Q

Roles of nurses associations

A
  • Promote quality patient care and professional nurses practice
  • Promote research into the causes and errors, develope strategies to prevent further errors, and address nursing issues that affect the nurse’s ability to deliver patient care
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7
Q

ANA Nursing Standards of Practice

A 
Assessment
diagnosis
outcomes identification
planning
implementation
coordination of care 
health teaching and health promotion
consultation
prescriptive authority and treatment
evaluation
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8
Q

ADOPICHCPE

A

Awesome Dumboldor observed peters inexpensive cat house carefully planning escape

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9
Q

awesome

A

assessment

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10
Q

dumboldor

A

diagnosis

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11
Q

observed

A

outcomes identified

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12
Q

peters

A

planning

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13
Q

inexpensive

A

implementation

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14
Q

cat

A

coordination of care

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15
Q

house

A

health teaching and health promotion

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16
Q

carefully

A

consultation

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17
Q

planning

A

prescriptive authority and treatment

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18
Q

escape

A

evaluation

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19
Q

ANA definition of nursing

A

Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness; alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations

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20
Q

Standards of practice definition

A

describes a competent level of nursing care based on the nursing process

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21
Q

standards of professional preformance

A

describe behavioral competencies expected of a nurse

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22
Q

Standards of professional preformance

A 
ethics
education
evidence based practice
quality of practice
collaboration
professional practice evaluation
resources
environmental health
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23
Q

EEEQCPRE

A

Experienced Embarrased Eagles quarterback Carrie passed really easily

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24
Q

Experienced

A

ethics

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25
Q

eagles

A

education

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26
Q

embarrased

A

evidence-based practice and research

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27
Q

quarterback

A

quality of practice

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28
Q

Carrie

A

collaboration

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29
Q

passed

A

professional practice evaluation

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30
Q

really

A

resources

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31
Q

easily

A

environmental health

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32
Q

scope of practice depends on

A

education preparation, experience role, and state law

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33
Q

code of ethics

A

A code of ethics is the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define principles used to provide care

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34
Q

National Patient safety laws

A

Identify patients correctly
Improve communication among the health care team
Use medicines safely
Use alarm systems safely
Prevent health care–associated infections
Identify patient safety risks
Prevent mistakes in surgery

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35
Q

IIUUPIP

A

In Illinois ubers unique patent includes people

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36
Q

in

A

identify patients correctly

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37
Q

Illinois

A

improve communication among the health care team

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38
Q

Uber’s

A

use medicines safely

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39
Q

Unique

A

Use alarm systems safely

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40
Q

patent

A

prevent health care-associated infections

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41
Q

includes

A

identify patient safety risks

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42
Q

people

A

prevent mistakes in surgery

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43
Q

effective communication

A

Active listening, ask open ended questions, restating, reflection, silence

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44
Q

Ineffective communication

A

Not listening or not engaging, being critical, disrespectful, giving advice, false reassurance

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45
Q

Phases of patient centered interview

A

orientation
identification
exploitation
termination

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46
Q

orientation

A

Initial phase in which client reached out to the nurse or other healthcare provider for help

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47
Q

identifcation

A

occurs when client and nurse/care provider establish a mutually respectful relationship

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48
Q

exploitation

A

nurse educates the client to change the situation or behavior

49
Q

termination

A

relationship between client and nurse ends

50
Q

intrapersonal communication

A

Comm within an individual, “self-talk”, internal discussion. Helps nurses assess clients and situations and think critically about them before communicating verbally

51
Q

Interpersonal communication

A

Comm btwn 2 ppl. This form of communication is the most common in nursing and requires the exchange of information with another individual. Messages can be received differently than intended

52
Q

public communication

A

Comm to, within, or between large groups of people

53
Q

small group communication

A

Comm between a group of people, often working towards a mutual goal

54
Q

Interprofessional team

A

is made up of providers from various disciplines, working together and sharing their expertise to provide customized care. It may consist of physicians, nurses, pharmacists, occupational and physical therapists, and others

55
Q

5 rights of delegation

A

the right task
under the right circumstances
the right person
with the right direction and communication
under the right supervision and evaluation

56
Q

Phases of the nursing process (ADPie)

A 
Assessment (data collection)
(Nursing) Diagnosis (Analysis)
Plan
Implement
Evaluate
57
Q

Assessment

A

Involves collecting information from the patient and from secondary sources (e.g. family members), along with interpreting and validating the information to form a complete database

58
Q

Subjective Date

A

Felt by the patient; Patients verbal description of their health problems; includes feelings and perceptions

59
Q

Objective date

A

Observable by you; observations or measurements of a patient’s health status; use of an acceptable standard scale

60
Q

Nursing (Diagnosis) analysis

A

Identify the patients behavior

61
Q

Plan

A

Establish priorities
set goals
set expected outcomes

62
Q

Rules for prioritization

A

ABC’s
Safety
Maslow (Physiological then Psychological)

63
Q

Implementation

A

Treatments or actions based on clinical judgements and knowledge that nurses perform to enhance patient outcomes

64
Q

nurse-initiated/independent interventions

A

Nurses use evidence and scientific rationale to take autonomous actions to benefit clients

65
Q

Provider-initiated/dependent interventions

A

Interventions nurses initiate as a result of a provider’s prescription or the facilities protocol

66
Q

Collaborative interventions

A

Interventions nurses carry out in collaboration with other healthcare team professionals

67
Q

evaluation

A

Nurses evaluate clients response to nursing interventions and form a clinical judgment about the extent to which clients have met goals and outcomes

68
Q

Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns

A 
Health perception/management
Nutritional/Metabolic
Elimination
Sleep/rest
self-concept
Values/beliefs
Coping/stress
sexuality/reproductive
roles/relationships
cognitive/perceptual
activity/exercise
69
Q

Health promotion

A

the process of enhancing people’s influence over and improvement of their health

70
Q

coping strategies

A

Strategies that an individual adopts to deal with stressors

71
Q

Primary Prevention

A

The act of intervening before negative health effects occur
Focuses on decreasing the risk for development of medical condition by changing behavior or minimizing exposures
Ex: vaccinations, wearing a helmet on a bike, seatbelts

72
Q

Secondary Prevention

A

To reduce the impact of disease or injury and limit disability
Consists of early screening to detect a disease process before it progresses to cause symptoms or complications in the client
Ex: cancer screening tests, Pap tests, routine colonoscopies

73
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

Focuses on controlling the chronic effects of a health issue that has already occured and on restoring the individual to optimal functioning
Can include education about self care to prevent further complications
Ex: cardiac rehabilitation for clients following a heart attack and physical and occupational therapy for clients who experience burns or a stroke

74
Q

Quaternary prevention

A

Focuses on protecting clients from the excessive use of medical interventions that can cause more harm than good
Ex: not performing broad screening on an asymptomatic client who has no risk factors for disease could result in finding that are not within the expected reference range

75
Q

modifiable risks factors

A
  • behaviors and actions that can affect a client’s risk for developing a disease
  • Behaviors and actions that are changeable
76
Q

nonmodifiable risk facotrs

A

individuals risk factors that cannot be changed

77
Q

Enviornmental risk factors

A

An external factor that can have an impact on both public and individual health
Health people includes objectives that focus on decreasing these risks to public health

78
Q

Socioeconomic risk factors

A

Low-income clients are significantly more likely to report poor health and have higher rates of stroke, heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic diseases

79
Q

health literacy

A

The ability to process and comprehend basic health information that is necessary for the client to make appropriate health care decisions

80
Q

Cultural beliefs

A
  • Cultural belief could impact a client’s adherence to a recommended medication plan
  • Clients who receive care that aligns with their cultural beliefs are more likely to follow recommended treatment regimens, experience improved health outcomes, and report satisfaction with the health care services
81
Q

Family Dynamics

A
  • Family members often play an extensive role in decision making and the delivery of care at home
  • They impact coping and stress levels, with then affect health and wellness
82
Q

Stress

A

the mental, emotional, or physical response and adaptation to real or perceived changes and challenges

83
Q

stress response

A

initiated by the nervous and endocrine systems when a stressor is perceived as a serious threat
Fight or flight

84
Q

fight or flight

A

when a stressful situation is perceived, the hypothalamus secretes corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), which activates the sympathetic nervous system and signals the anterior pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The release of ACTH by the pituitary stimulates the adrenal cortex to release the hormone cortisol

85
Q

General Adaptive syndrome (GAS)

A

= the bodys attempt to maintain equilibrium and homeostasis - three stages are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

86
Q

Alarm

A
  • Stressor occurs during this stage

- Upon perceiving a stressor the CNS becomes aroused and the body defense mechanisms are mobilize

87
Q

resistance stage

A
  • The body resists and seeks to counter the stress
  • PNS attempts to return bodily functions bact to a state of homeostasis
  • Coping with the stressor
88
Q

exhaustion stage

A
  • The body can longer defend itself against the stressor
  • When the body’s capacity to withstand or adapt to the stressor becomes depleted and the individuals resources are exhausted
  • Prolonged exposure to stress may result in illness or disease
89
Q

physiological stress

A
  • Are generally associated with injury or illness (Extreme temps, trauma, injury, illness, or pain)
  • Chronic stress can result in debilitating conditions
90
Q

Psychological stress

A

Are more common and generate a state of emotional unease (Event, situation, comment, conditions, or interactions that you perceive as negative)

91
Q

Acute stress

A

= the most common type of stress; it is usually brief and triggers the fight-or-flight response

92
Q

episodic acute stress

A

= occurs when someone experiences frequent bouts of acute stress
(Often associated with people taking on more responsibility than they can handle and frequently feeling disorganized and rushed)

93
Q

Chronic Stress

A

= Occurs when stress is heightened, constant, and prolonged

  • Continuous activation of the NS can cause or exacerbate health problems
  • Ex: poverty, racism, illness, disease, or living in a dysfunctional family system
94
Q

crisis

A

a crisis is a threatening situation triggered by a precipitating event whereby an individual experiences an strong behavioral, emotional, or psychiatric response

95
Q

situational stressors

A

stress that stems from personal, family, or work-related issues

96
Q

developmental stressors

A

Stress that occurs as an individual moves through the stages of life

97
Q

adventitious stressors

A

Stress that results from events of disaster

Generally rare, unexpected and can result from natural disasters

98
Q

socioeconomic stressors

A

Stress that occurs from factors such as poverty, Socioeconomic status (SES), and homelessness

99
Q

cultural stressors

A

Stress that individuals may experience by living within a society in which they do not culturally fit and/or receiving care that ignores their cultural beliefs

100
Q

acute stress disorder

A

An intense and dysfunctional reaction to a traumatic event that lasts less than a month
- If lasts more than 1 months, PTSD is diagnosed

101
Q

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

A prolonged and heightened stress reaction to a traumatic event that lasts more than a month

102
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

A gastrointestinal condition characterized by abdominal pain and changes to bowel elimination patterns that can include diarrhea and/or constipation

103
Q

critical thinking

A

the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action

104
Q

basic critical thinking

A

Concrete and set on established rules and procedures

105
Q

complex critical thinking

A

Learning to teach one’s own knowledge and judgements

106
Q

commitment to critical thinking

A

When you learn to anticipate and accept accountability for actions

107
Q

reflection

A

purposeful thinking about a previous situation

108
Q

language

A

use of precise, clear messages to communicate with patients and providers

109
Q

intuition

A

an inner sense that the factors do not support the situation

110
Q

critical thinking model for clinical decisions

A 
Competence
Scientific knowledge base
Experiences
The nursing process competency
Attitudes for critical thinking
Standards for critical thinking
111
Q

models of development of critical thinking

A

reflective journaling
meeting with colleagues
concept map

112
Q

clinical judgement

A

Refers to the thought process (clinical reasoning) that allows healthcare providers to arrive at a conclusion (clinical decision-making) based on objective and subjective information about a patient

113
Q

goal of patient education

A

to help individuals, families, or communities achieve optimal levels of health
Includes:
Maintenance and promotion of health and illness prevention
Restoration of health
Coping with impared functioning

114
Q

learning considerations

A

Motivation to learn
Readiness to learn
Ability to learn
Learning environment

115
Q

domains of learning

A

cognitive
affective
psychomotor

116
Q

cognitive

A

The thinking domain - thinking through information and be able to comprehend it

117
Q

affective

A

The feeling domain - involves the client’s feelings regarding values, attitudes, and beliefs

118
Q

psychomotor

A

The doing domain - the physical or mental activities required to learn skills

119
Q

teach-back

A

A technique for nurses to ensure they have explained medical information clearly so patients and their families understand what is communicated to them

NUR 356 (1 decks)

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