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Interventions > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of correct body mechanics

A

safety, energy conservation, anatomically efficient movement, physiologically efficient movement, injury prevention

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2
Q

Common causes of back problems

A

improper body mechanics, poor posture, microtrauma to back structures, poor flexibility and trauma

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3
Q

deep lift squat

A

full squat, hips below knees, head up, feet straddle the object and vertical trunk with lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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4
Q

Power lift

A

half squat where hips remain above the knees
feet are parallel to each other behind the object
trunk is more vertical with lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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5
Q

Straight Leg Lift

A

Knees extended or only slightly flexed
trunk is vertical OR horizontal
lumbar lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt

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6
Q

One leg stance lift (golfer’s lift)

A

used for light objects that can be lifted with one UE
LEs are positioned in a stride with weight shifted over the front LE
weight bearing LE is partially flexed at the knee while back LE is lifted into extension to counterbalance the flexion of the trunk

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7
Q

Half-Kneeling Lift/Tri-pod lift

A

kneel on one knee
object grasped by UEs
opposite lower extremity assists with raising the body as the person continues to stand

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8
Q

Traditional Lift

A

Lower extremities are in a full squat position, stride position on each side of the object, UE flexor muscles begin to lift followed by lower extremity extensors
normal lumbar lordosis is maintained

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9
Q

Stoop Lift

A

Used when an object can be reached without full squatting
hips and knees partially flexed
normal lumber lordosis

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10
Q

Face sheet/Pt information contains

A

patient’s name, diagnosis, home address and telephone #, next of kin/parent or guardian and their insurance info

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11
Q

Physicians Order section contains…

A

Medications, diagnostic tests, procedures, diet, consultations needed, activity level, resuscitation status

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12
Q

Physician’s Admission Note contains

A

History, Physical examination, physician assessment, and plan

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13
Q

Physician Daily/progress Notes contain

A

physical findings, assessment and plan

SOAP

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14
Q

Consult Service Notes contain

A

other physician services notes such as cardiology, neurology, infectious disease etc, or other healthcare professionals like PT, OT, SLP or social work
Our SOAP notes go here and eval reports go here

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15
Q

Should PT be performed right after dialysis

A

no, patients are completely exhausted

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16
Q

Pertinent information that will assist PT in hospital setting includes

A

weight bearing status, fall risk, droplets for PPE, level on incontinence and competence, current medications and wounds, can they drink water?

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17
Q

acute care definition

A

short term medical treatment, usually in a hospital setting for patients experiencing an acute illness or injury and/or recovering from surgery

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18
Q

standard COVID minimum that is used with ALL patients

A

hand hygiene, risk assessment of PPE, respiratory hygiene, cough etiquette

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19
Q

contact plus precautions

A

gown, gloves, hand washing with soap and water, advanced cleaning (caviwipes)

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20
Q

How many patient identifies should occur prior to any treatment initiation or direct care

A

2
ex. Patient name and date of birth
DO NOT USE ROOM NUMBERS.. they switch all the time

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21
Q

Air fluidized support bed

A

indicated for skin protection
pressurized air flow to suspend pt
attempt to firm bed prior to bed mobility and/or transfers-typically auto-firm

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22
Q

what is a KREG BED used for

A

verticalization therapy

the minutes and degrees can be recorded

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23
Q

how often should a patient change position

A

every 2 hours to prevent contractures, relieve pressure on the skin and aid circulatory systems

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24
Q

Fowlers Position

A

supine, hip/knee flexion, HOB elevated

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25
Q

Trendelenburgs Position

A

supine, head dependent position

Diagonally laying with head below legs

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26
Q

Sequential Compression Devices (SCD)

A

intermittent compression system with inflatable sleeves that aim to reduce edema

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27
Q

When wouldn’t you use SCDs

A

if a patient is suspected of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism risk

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28
Q

Pressure Relief Ankle Foot Orthosis (PRAFO)

A

boot worn on the calf and foot to prevent skin breakdown

  • heel suspension
  • most commonly heel decubitus ulcers
  • allows for neutral hip, knee and ankle alignment
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29
Q

Pulse Oximeter

A

a photoelectrical device that measures oxygen saturation of the blood (SpO2)
DON’T WANT IT BELOW 90%

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30
Q

Rapid Response Team

A

intervenes before a patient experiences respiratory or cardiac arrest.

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31
Q

Code Blue

A

hospital code used to indicate a Pt requires immediate resuscitation, typically cardiac arrest and usually CPR is in progress

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32
Q

IV

A

administration of fluids into a vein through the use of a steel needle or plastic catheter

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33
Q

Arterial monitoring line (A-line)

A

catheter inserted into an artery and attached to an electronic monitoring system to directly measure arterial blood pressure and can be used for blood draws

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34
Q

Peripheral Inserted Central Catheter (PICC)

A

long catheter introduced through a vein in arm, follows through subclavian vein into the SVC or RA to administer fluids, meds, blood draws or measure Central Venous Pressure

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35
Q

Central Venous Pressure

A

reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial system AKA right atrial pressure

36
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

A

determined by the cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

37
Q

Typically desired MAP

A

> 60

38
Q

Swanz-Ganz Catheter (PA Line)

A

IV catheter usually inserted into basilic or subclavian vein and terminating in the pulmonary artery used for cardiac function monitoring (IN THE NECK)

  • check to see if pt. is on bedrest
  • check with RN to ensure line locked
  • ipsilateral shoulder flexion limited to 90 degrees
39
Q

Triple Lumen

A

central line located in jugular, subclavian or femoral veins with three external ports, assists with IV med administration, blood tests and CVP monitoring

40
Q

Foley Catheter

A

INDWELLING.. inside the bladder, inserted through urethra into the bladder to remove urine with drains through plastic tubing into a collection bag

41
Q

External Catheters

A

males have a condom catheter drainage bag

females have a wall suction with canister, no drainage back and can be removed for mobility

42
Q

Nasogastric Tube (NG tube)

A

plastic tube inserted through a nostril that terminates in stomach and assists with removing fluid or gas, evaluating GI activity, administering meds and feeding of Pt.

43
Q

Ventilators

A

use positive pressure to move or propel gas or air into the patients lungs

44
Q

intubation (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal)

A

ensure with RN to ensure physical therapy is appropriate prior to the session

45
Q

nasal cannula

A

delivery of low to moderate oxygen concentrations via nostrils

46
Q

oronasal mask

A

mask with small vent holes to expel exhaled air covering the pt’s nose/mouth, moderate to high air concentrations, usually short term

47
Q

tracheostomy mask

A

placed over the trach tube, usually high concentrations of air are administered

48
Q

oxygen tanks and portable holders

A

often needed for mobility purposes, store tanks before and after use (fire hazard)

49
Q

Chest tube/drain

A

remove air, blood, purulent matter or undesirable material from the pts chest or pleural cavity

50
Q

ostomy

A

surgically produced opening in the abdomen to eliminate feces collected in a plastic bag

51
Q

rectal catheter

A

inserted into the rectum sometimes as far as the prox. colon, used to help collect or draw out gas/feces

52
Q

Dialysis

A 
acute or end stage renal failure 
blood pumped out of the body, cleansed and returned to body from dialyzer machine 
DON'T TAKE BP ON THE UE due to fistula 
CVVH and AVVH 
close vital monitoring
typical PT is bedside activity
53
Q

WBAT=

A

weight bearing as tolerated

100% permitted and encouraged

54
Q

PWB=

A

partial weight bearing

25-50% permitted

55
Q

TDWB=

A

touch down weight bearing

up to 25% permitted

56
Q

TTWB=

A

Toe Touch weight bearing

*promotes bad gait

57
Q

NWB=

A

non weight bearing so no weight is permitted

58
Q

Total Hip Arthroplasty Precautions (posterior lateral approach)

A

no hip flexion past 90
no hip adduction
no internal rotation

59
Q

Total Hip Arthroplasty Precautions (anterior approach)

A

no excessive hip extension, no external rotation
minimal to no muscle cutting
surgeon protocols may vary

60
Q

Spinal Precautions

A 
avoid BLT (typically 6-8 weeks post surgery)
no bending, lifting or twisting

teach the log roll

61
Q

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) precautions

A

no pushing
no pulling
no lifting more than 5-10 lbs
avoid shoulder flexion.abduction greater than 90 and scapular adduction

62
Q

Ischemic Stroke (cerebral vascular accident)

A

loss of perfusion to area of the brain

could be from embolus (solid, liquid or gas block) or thrombus (atherosclerotic plaque occlusion)

63
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

abnormal bleeding in the brain due to a rupture in blood supply

64
Q

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

atherosclerotic thrombus link, temporary occlusion that resolves quickly

65
Q

Pt presentation post stroke

A

Unilateral UE or LE weakness on opposite side
Poor trunk control
Increased or Decreased tone
visual deficits/neglect
sensory and cognitive deficits (impulsive and agitated)

66
Q

bandage recommended for foot and ankle

A

3-4”

67
Q

bandage recommended for hand or wrist

A

1-2”

68
Q

bandage recommended for elbow

A

2,3,4”

69
Q

bandage recommended for knee

A

3-4”

70
Q

bandage recommended for thigh

A

6”

71
Q

bandage recommended for upper arm

A

3-4”

72
Q

how much should a bandage cover

A

one inch above and below the wound dressing

73
Q

____ material is not used for dressing or bandaging

A

polyester

74
Q

function of dressing

A

prevent wound contamination, prevent infections to other sites, prevent further injury, absorb drainage, apply pressure to avoid hemorrhage, assist wound healing

75
Q

Bandaging functions

A

keep dressing in place, maintain a barrier between dressing and the environment, provide external pressure to control swelling, provide support or stability, hold splints or other objects in place, assist the dressing in accomplishing its functions

76
Q

common location of pressure sores

A

malleoli, heel, elbow epicondyles, ischial tuberosities, sacrum

77
Q

minimum assistance

A

requires touching, contact guard, or guided assistance. Pt performs 75-99% of the work

78
Q

Moderate Assistance

one caregiver

A

patient performs 50-74% of the work

one caregiver

79
Q

Maximum Assistance

A

patient performs 25-49% of the work

one caregiver

80
Q

Total Assistance

A

Patient performs less than 25% of the task.
One or more caregivers
if more than one person is required the patient automatically moves to total assist level in FIM scoring (1)

81
Q

FIM 7

A

complete independence

82
Q

FIM 1

A

total assistance

83
Q

CARE partial/mod assistance

A

less than half

84
Q

CARE substantial/max assistance

A

more than half

85
Q

NEVERS in mobility

A

do not use the patient’s clothing
never pull on the pt’s neck or extremities when moving the patient
never allow the pt to pull on your neck

86
Q

contraindications to ROM exercise

A

movement disrupts to healing such as after an acute injury with an unhealed or unprotected fracture, unprotected recent surgical site or if the patients symptoms intensify with exercise

Interventions (2 decks)

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