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A&P 2 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the artery wall is largely composed of connective tissue?

A

Tunica externa

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2
Q

When smooth muscle is in a state of contractions, the vessel is in

A

Vasoconstriction

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3
Q

What are the smallest blood vessels?

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

What encircles the entrances to capallaries

A

Precapillary sphincter

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5
Q

What is diffusion?

A

A process where transfers of bio chemicals occur through capillary walls.

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6
Q

Why can o2 and CO2 easily move through most areas of cell membrane?

A

They are lipid soluble

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7
Q

Filtration results when substances are forced through capillary walls by ______ pressure?

A

Hydrostatic

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8
Q

The presence of plasma proteins in blood increase its ______ pressure as compared to tissue fluids.

A

Osmotic

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9
Q

What vessels with large lumens also serve as blood reservoirs?

A

Veins

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10
Q

What vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A

Arteries

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11
Q

Which organ releases renin?

A

The kidneys

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12
Q

Short term regulation of blood pressure is controlled by______.

A

The nervous system

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13
Q

Peak blood pressure driven by ventricular contraction is called?

A

Systolic pressure

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14
Q

What’s prevents back flow in a lymphatic vessel?

A

Valves

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15
Q

What filters lymphatic fluid?

A

Lymph nodes

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16
Q

The lymphatic trunk that drains the head and neck is called the ______ trunk.

A

Jugular

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17
Q

The lymphatic trunk that drains the head and neck is called the ____ trunk.

A

Jugular

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18
Q

What do lymph nodes carry tonight invading microorganisms?

A

Lymphocytes and macrophages

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19
Q

Lymph enters a node through a ____ lymphatic vessel.

A

Afferent

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20
Q

The lymph nodes associated with the lymphatic vessels that drain the lower limbs are located in the ___ region.

A

Inguinal

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21
Q

What is the organ that filters lymph and blood?

A

The spleen

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22
Q

Pyers patches, tonsils, and the dependents constitute this group

A

MALTs

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23
Q

What is a cytotoxic and helper cell?

A

T cell

24
Q

What cell produces antibodies?

A

B Cell

25
Q

What is specific acquired immunity?

A

Adaptive

26
Q

What is nonspecific immunity you are born with?

A

Innate

27
Q

What type of immunity do you have through a vaccine or getting a disease?

A

Active

28
Q

What is a specified squired immunity?

A

Adaptive

29
Q

What type of immunity is it when it is passed from your mother?

A

Passive

30
Q

What is the process called when a cell engulfs a foreign substance?

A

Phagocytosis

31
Q

What substance is released when a cell is infected with a virus?

A

Interferons

32
Q

What is an important phagocyte of the lymph system?

A

Macrophage

33
Q

Where does the chordae tendinae originate?

A

The papillary muscle

34
Q

What prevents backflip from the right ventricle to right atria?

A

Tricuspid valve

35
Q

What membrane surrounds the heart?

A

Pericardial sac

36
Q

What prevents back from of left ventricle to atria?

A

The bicuspid/mitral valve

37
Q

What gives rise to left and right pulmonary arteries?

A

Pulmonary trunk

38
Q

Drains blood from myocardium into right atrium

A

Coronary sinus

39
Q

Inner lining of the heart chamber

A

Endocardium

40
Q

Largely composed of cardiac muscle tissue

A

Myocardium

41
Q

Space containing serous fluid to reduce friction during heartbeats?

A

Pericardial cavity

42
Q

What drains flood from the myocardial capillaries?

A

Cardiac vein

43
Q

What supplies blood to heart muscles?

A

Coronary artery

44
Q

What distributes blood to body organs except the lungs?

A

Aorta

45
Q

What is the term for heart relaxation?

A

Diastole

46
Q

What is the term for heart contraction?

A

Systole

47
Q

What is the phase of the cardiac cycle during ventricular systole when all valves are closed?

A

Isovolumetric contraction

48
Q

What is the phase of the cardiac cycle when blood is doing through the major vessels?

A

Ventricular ejection

49
Q

What is the location of the pacemaker cell?

A

Sinoatrial node

50
Q

Part of an ECG when the atria are depolarizing?

A

QRS complex

51
Q

What cell has a special leak channel to auto depolarize?

A

Pacemaker cells

52
Q

What is responsible for keeping the heart rate slow by innervating the nodes?

A

Parasympathetic division

53
Q

Amount of blood in the heart after venous return is?

A

EDV

54
Q

The amount of blood that leaves the heart in one pump

A

Stroke volume

55
Q

The amount of blood that leaves the heart in one minute?

A

Cardiac output.

56
Q

Heart sounds are caused by?

A

Closing of AV valves

A&P 2 (1 decks)

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