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physics Class 2 Exam 1 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

diffusion

A

it is the movement of substances due to random thermanal molecular motion

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2
Q

equation for diffusion

A

Xmax =Sqrt(2Dt), where D is the constant, t is the time and the xrmax is the distance

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3
Q

temperature

A

scalar that quantifies how hot an object is ( this is not the same as heat)

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4
Q

temperature as a gas

A

proportional to the average kinetic energy. If there is going to be more movement when there is a higher kinetic energy

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5
Q

temperature scales

A

it is going to be a two special points and it is going to correspond to thermal equilibrium

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6
Q

Fahrenheit

A

9/5Tc+32

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7
Q

Celsius

A

5/9(Tf-32)

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8
Q

kelvin

A

Tc+273

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9
Q

heat

A

it is the transfer of energy from hot object to cold objects

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10
Q

which way is heat going to flow and why

A

heat is going to transfer from hot to cold because hot has larger internal energy

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11
Q

thermal equilibrium

A

when two objects of different temperatures are going to be at one spot eventually they are going to be the same temperature. it is also known as the zeroth law of thermodynamics

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12
Q

how quickly are things going to reach equilibrium

A

the rate of exchange depends on the material

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13
Q

conduction of heat

A

for there to be a transfer of heat, there has to be a physical touch.

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14
Q

what are the things that affect the conduction of heat

A

conduct area, boundary thickness, temperature difference, and the materials

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15
Q

thermal conductivity

A

how fast heat is going to travel a unit of a distance of a cross sectional area as a result of 1 K temperature

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16
Q

Thermal Conductivity

A

(j/(smk)

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17
Q

formula for thermal conductivity

A

Q/t=(kA(T2-T1)/d) the Q is the heat, t is the time, k is the constant, A is the surface Area, T is temperature, and d is the boundary thickness and the Q/t is the heat or the watts

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18
Q

heat capacity

A

amount of energy that is needs to be added to an object with a certain mass to increase/ decrease its temperature

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19
Q

How much heat is required to warm a 1kg iron pan from -10 c to 20 c . what temperature increase can you achieve if you add this heat to an equivalent mass f water
Cfe =452J/KgC
CH2O =4186

A

4,524 J ad 1.1 c

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20
Q

latent heat

A

this is created when there is not going to be a increase in temperature because there is a phase change

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21
Q

heat capacity

A

Q=cm deta t

22
Q

latenet heat equation

A

Q=mL

23
Q

Convection

A

it is the transfer of heat and it basically going to be the cold air raises and the hot air falls

24
Q

radiation

A

come from a source and travel through a space.

25
Q

radiation equation

A

Q/t- sigma(e)(A)(T^4)
sigma is the constant value of 5.67810^-8 J/sm^2K^2
e is the emissivity
A is going to be the surface Area
T is going to be the temperature of the radiation

26
Q

mole

A

6.02*10^23

27
Q

mass per mole

A

mass of the particle * Na

28
Q

what is an ideal gas

A

molecules of gas that do not readily interact with each other

29
Q

isochoric

A

with a constant volume, an increase in temperature is going to cause an increase in pressure

30
Q

isobaric

A

with a constant pressure, there is there is going to be a linear relationship between volume and temperature

31
Q

isothermal

A

when there is a contant temperature, there pressure and the volume is going to be inversely proportional

32
Q

behavior of an ideal gas

A

PV=nRT with the number of moles ( R=8.31J/mol*K)

PV=nkt with the number of particles (k=1.38*10^-23J/K)

33
Q

how is pressure caused

A

pressure is cause by particles colliding with the walls

34
Q

vmrs equation

A

sqrt(3kT/m) the T is i KElvin and the m is in Kg

35
Q

temperature

A

it is not going to depend on the number of particles, it is going depend on the average number of particles, but the internal energy of the gas is going to depend of the amount of gas that you are going to have

36
Q

first law of thermodynamics

A

delta u = Q-W, the amount of internal energy that you have is dependent on the amount of heat - the amount of work done by the system.

37
Q

how does the internal energy of a system change

A

it is going to change through heat and wok

38
Q

Q>0

A

heat is gained

39
Q

W>0

A

work is done by the system

40
Q

What is the equation of KE in relation to molecular speed and temperature

A

KE=(1/2(mv^2)=(3/2(kT)

41
Q

what is the the KE of a molecule at 20C and the speed of that molecule

A

You have to use the (3/2(kT) to find the keitic energy than you have to find the mass and than you the atomi c mass number to find the actual mass and than use the vrms equation

42
Q

the bottman cure

A

the first dot is going to be the most probable speed while the second dot is going to be the root mean square

43
Q

relationship between kinetic energy and energy

A

kinetic energy is going to be proportional to the temperature and the mass of the particle doesn’t matter

44
Q

equations for delta u which is the internal energy

A

U= Q-w or u=nkT

45
Q

thermal process isobaric

A

constant pressure and the amount of work is going to be dependent on the rise of the volume and the heat is also going to be added to the system. U=Q-p(delta V)

46
Q

isochoric process

A

there is going to be a constant volume, which means that the system is not going to expand or contrast. This means that there is not going to be any work done. However, heat can still be added. u=Q

47
Q

isothermal pressure

A

from the previous section we know that u=nkT. in the isothermal pressure, there is no increase in Temperature. This means that that the U is going to be 0. equation: 0=Q-nrt-ln(vf/vi)

48
Q

adiabatic

A

there is going to be a constant heat. this means that the internal energy is going to be dependent on work. equation: u=-w

49
Q

second law of thermodynamics

A
  • heat is going to flow from a higher temperature to a lower temperature
  • it is impossible to have a 100% efficient engine
  • the total entropy of the universe is going to increase
50
Q

efficiency

A

Qh(heat of the engine)-Q(heat escaped)/ Qh

51
Q

carnot efficiency

A

engine that is going to be as effective can you can get it to be, you have to look at the temperature in order to determine the efficency
Th-Tc/Th

physics Class 2 Exam 1 (1 decks)

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