Exam 02 - ONLY STD and IMMUNIZATION Flashcards

1
Q

Two Sources of HIV financial assistance

A

Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act of 2009

ADAP: AIDS Drug Assistance Porgram

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2
Q

Primary Infection Stage of HIV

A

Mono-like syndrome, may go unrecognised

WBC drop for brief time; increased immune response to initial infection, self limiting illness

S/sx: lymphadenopathy, myalgia, sore throat, lethargy, rash, fever

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3
Q

Second Stage of HIV: Clinical Latency

A

period when body shows no symptoms but gradual deterioration of immune system during incubation period.

Can transmit virus to others

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4
Q

Third Stage of HIV: Symptomatic Disease

A

AIDS is the last stage. Damage from HIV, secondary cancers, or opportunistic organisms

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5
Q

What is AIDS? Diagnosis?

A

disabling or life threatening illness caused by HIV

Dx: CD4 T-lymph count <200 w documented HIV infection

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6
Q

Modes of transmission for HIV (4)

A
  • sexual contact
  • needle sharing
  • perinatal transmission
  • transfusions, organ transplants, semen from HIV positive
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7
Q

Who is HIV reported to?

A

CDC

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8
Q

What are the 2 tests done for HIV

A

HIV antibody test

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (screens blood and other donor products)

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9
Q

s/sx HIV in kids

A

failure to thrive
unexplained persistent diarrhea
dev. delays
bact inf such as TB, severe pneumonia

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10
Q

bacterial STDs (3)

A

gonorrhea, syphillis, chlamydia

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11
Q

viral STDs (3)

A

HSV, HIV, HPV

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12
Q

Which STD has the highest risk for PID?

A

Gonorrhea

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13
Q

Chlamydia s/sx

A

Dysuria, urinary frequency, purulent vaginal discharge

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14
Q

Chlamydia neonate s/sx

A

conjuncitivitis and pneumonia

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15
Q

Coinfection STDs

A

gonorrhea and chlamydia

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16
Q

Gonorrhea s/sx

A

Thick, cloudy or bloody discharge from the penis or vagina.
Pain or burning sensation when urinating.
Heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding between periods.

17
Q

Syphillis s/sx by stages

A

first stage involves a painless sore on the genitals, rectum, or mouth. untreated, goes away in 3-6 wks

second stage is characterized by a rash, lymphadenopathy, mucosal ulceration

latency period

final stage can result in damage to the brain, nerves, eyes, or heart. occurs years later

18
Q

Can you infect others with asymptomatic HSV?

A

yes

19
Q

HSV-1 and HSV-2 s/sx

A

HSV1: blister-like, painful lesions in mouth
HSV2: blister-like, painful lesions on genitals, buttocks, upper thighs

20
Q

HSV lesions and pregnancy

A

C-section recommended if active lesions are present

21
Q

Most common reportable disease in the US

A

Chlamydia

22
Q

HPV s/sx

A

cauliflower-like warts on the genitals or surrounding skin

23
Q

Is there a cure for viral STDs?

A

no

24
Q

Main danger of HPV

A

cervical cancer

25
Q

6 types of vaccines

A

mRNA
Live attenuated
Inactive
Conjugate
Subunit
Toxoid

26
Q

Live vaccines: My Very Rude Sister Yawned

A

MMR
Varicella
Rotavirus
Smallpox
Yellow fever

27
Q

Oral and SQ Vaccines Mnmemonic: Our Rude Sister Made You Vomit

A

Oral: Rotavirus
SQ: MMR, Yellow fever, Varicella

28
Q

What vaccine is given at birth?

A

Hep B and RSV

29
Q

DTAP/TDAP SCHEDULE:

A

In pregnancy, then…
2,4,6,15-18 mo
4-6 yrs
11-12 yrs
adult: Q10yrs

30
Q

Vaccines given at 2,4,6 mo: DIHHPeR

A

DTap
IPV
Hep B
Hib
PCV (Pneumococcal)
Rotavirus

31
Q

Vaccines at 12-15 mo: Harry V Potter, MD

A

Hib
Varicella
PCV
MMR
DTap

32
Q

Vaccines at 4-6 years old: I Did My Vaccines

A

IPV
Dtap
MMR
Varicella

33
Q

Vaccines at 11-12: Tweens Have Money

A

Tdap
HPV
Meningococcal (MCV4)

34
Q

Vaccination for college aged people

A

Bacterial meningitis!

MCV4: 2 doses, 1 at 11-12, 1 at 16
MENB: 1 dose at 19-23

35
Q

Vaccination for odler people

A

RZV (Zoster recombinant - shingles)

36
Q

Contraindications to immunisation

A

Fever >102
Moderate-severe illness
Pregnancy -no live vaccine
Immunosuppressed
Sensitivity to components of the agent
Prior hx of severe allergic reaction

37
Q

Adverse immunisation treatment

A

Generalised s/sx – activate EMS, assess ABC and LOC
Administer epinephrine
CPR if necessary

38
Q

What is the VIS?

A

Vaccination Information Sheet
Must be given to the pt prior to administering vaccine
Document giving it, and in their own language
Consent for vaccination
You may not modify the sheet