Ex.1-Orientation and Directional Terms

Question 1

Toward the head end of the upper body; above

Answer 1

Superior (cranial). Ex, The head is superior to the abdomen.

Question 2

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of the structure of the body; below

Answer 2

Inferior (caudal). Ex. the navel is inferior to the chin.

Question 3

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Answer 3

Ventral or Anterior. Ex. The breastbone is anterior to the spine.

Question 4

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

Answer 4

Dorsal or Posterior. Ex. The heart is posterior to the breastbone

Question 5

Toward of at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

Answer 5

Medial. Ex. The heart is medial to the arm

Question 6

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

Answer 6

Lateral. Ex. The arms are lateral to the chest

Question 7

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

Answer 7

Intermediate. The collarbone is intermediate “between” the breastbone and the shoulder.

Question 8

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 8

Proximal. Ex. The elbow is proximal to the wrist.

Question 9

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Answer 9

Distal. The knee is distal to the thigh.

Question 10

Toward or at the body surface

Answer 10

Superficial (external) Ex. The skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles

Question 11

Away from the body surface; more internal

Answer 11

Deep (internal). Ex. The lungs are deep to the skin