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oral histology > ex1. odontogenesis > Flashcards

ex1. odontogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

from what primary germ layer do the stem cells for tooth tissues involved with odontogenesis originate?

A

the ECTODERM primary germ layer is the origin of stem cells that form the tooth tissue during odontogenesis

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2
Q

in what IU week does odontogenesis begin?

A

odontogenesis begins in the 6th embryonic week

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3
Q

from what primary germ layer is the lining epithelium and mesenchyme of the palatine folds from?

what about the tooth tissues developed during odontogenesis?

A

Ectoderm primary germ layer contributes to the stem cells that form the lining epithelium and mesencyme of the palatine folds ((part of the inner surface of MAX facial processes ((from brnachial arch 1 in week 4 of IU development))

the ECTODERM primary germ layer Also contributes to the tooth tissues that develop during odontogenesis ( dentin, enamel, cementum)

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4
Q

what tooth tissues form during odontogenesis?

A

Dentin (via dentinogenesis), enamel (via amelogenesis), and cementum (cementogenesis) are the 3 tisues inovled in odontogenesis

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5
Q

T/F the two basic tissues arising from the endoderm primary germ layer are the lining epithelium and mesenchyme that each contain stem cells that will become the cells that form tooth tissues

A

False (all true except endoderm should be ECTODERM)

> > True statement:
The two basic tissies arising from the ECTODERM primary germ layer are the lining eputhelium and mesenhyme that each contain stem cells that will become the cells that form tooth tissues

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6
Q

Odontogenesis: there are different epithelial stages based on the shapes of the epithelial tissue. Put the following fomrations in chronological order of development::

epithelial cap
epithelial bud
epithelial bell stage 
ename organ
eptithelial dental lamina
A

The timeline of appearnace of epithlial stages during odontogenesis is as follows:

Epithelial dental lamina state > epithellial bud > epithelial cap> epthelial bell AKA enamel organ (epi bell= enam.organ)

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7
Q

How many distinct layers of tissue are arranged in the enamel organ stage?

A

In the enamel organ, aka epithelial bell stage, there are 4 distinct layers of arranged epithelium

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8
Q

What two tissues combine in the tooth germ stage? What does the interaction/combination of these 2 tissue types induce?>

A

Odontogenic epithelium + mesenchymal tissues combine on the tooth germ stage.. the cells of each tissue induce one-another to become the formative cells of dentin, enamel, pulp, and cementum

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9
Q

name the 3 parts of the tooth germ.

A

The three parts of the tooth germ are the enamel organ (aka epithelial bell- is epithelium) , and the dental papilla and dental follicle that are both mesenchyme

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10
Q

is the dental papilla of the tooth germ epithelium or mesenchyme?

what about the dental follicle? the enamel organ?

A 
The dental papilla = mesenchyme
dental follicle = mesenchyme
enamel organ (aka epithelial bell) = epithelium

these are the 3 parts of the tooth germ stae

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11
Q

what comes first: the tooth germ stage or the epithelial stages?

A

the epithelial stages consisting of 4 develpments come first, and then the last stage of the enamel organ contributes to the tooth germ stage that is after hte eptihelial stages.

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12
Q

in what week and what epithelial stage do the vestibular lamina and primary dental lamina form?

A

During the 6th iu week, during the Dental lamina stage, the vestibular lamina and the primary dental lamina form

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13
Q

what happens in the dental lamina stage of odontogenesis?

A

The dental lamina stage is the first part of the peithelial stage = the first part of odontogenesis. Here, 2 invaginations form in the 6th week in the anterior lower lip area (think- lower border of the stomodeum area) . These invaginations areEPITHELIUM and they dip into the mesencyhme under layer. The vestibular layer is more anterior to the primary dental layer… inc ross-section (transverse), the lamina are laid in arches (like the MAND arch)

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14
Q

what is the fate of the vestibular lamina?

A

the vestibular lamina will undergo apoptosis in the center leaving behind a space called the vestibule (think: the adult mouth, the vestibule = the space facial to the teeth)
– the vestiublar lamina is located more facial to the other lamina formed: the primary dental lamina .. that will eventually form teeth

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15
Q

what is the fate of the primary dental lamina?

A

The primary dental lamina become the odontogenic epithelial part of the tooth germ (( so0 the enamel organ.. NOT the dental follicle nor dental papilla)

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16
Q

from which lamina will the teeth form? what happens to the other lamina (2 are formed in the dental lamina stage)

A

the primary dental lamina will lead to formation of the epithelial bud (stage 2 of the epithelial stages in odontogeneisis) .the epithelial bud will > epithelial cap>epithelial bell/enamel organ&raquo_space;> tooth germ stage.
so, the primary dental lamina will form eventually into teeth … the other lamina, the vestibular lamina, will undergo apoptosis and form the vestibule (the space bt the lips and teeth in the mouth)) – the epithelial bud forms off of the primary dental lamina, so p.d.lamina and epi bud exist at the same time (one does not replace the others but grows off of it))

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17
Q

do the vestibular and primary dental laminas form only on the mandibular processes?

A

no. the vestbular and primary dental laminas appear first in week 6 in the mandibular processes, but they form later in hte maxillary processes as well (and similar behavior/ fates/ etc in the MAX as in mandible)

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18
Q

T/F the epithelial tissues of the epithelial bud are surrounded by mesenchyme

A

True. The epithelial bud form from the priamry dental lamina, and the epithelial bud is surrounded by mesenchyme

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19
Q

Is it the central incisors or the second molars that develop 2nd in the 8th week?

A

The second molars develop 2nd in the 8th week. the central incisors develop first in the 6th week, IU

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20
Q

True/False:

Central incisors: develop 1st in the 4th week
second molars: develop 2nd in the 6th week

A

False.
Central incisors develops FIRST in the 6th week
Second molars develop 2nd in the 8th week

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21
Q

T/F fluroide can pass the placental barreir to be incorportated into embryonic odontogenic development

A

True. Fluoride can pass the placental barrier and can be taekn up by embryonic development and incorposrated into odontogenesis

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22
Q

Put the development of the PERMANENT buds in order:

second molar, central incisor, 3rd molar, first molar

A

The order of development of the permanent buds is as follows::

first molar (4 mo. IU)
central incisor (5 mo IU)
second molar (10 mo IU)
third molar (5 years postnatally)
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23
Q

In relation to the primary tooth buds, where do the permanent tooth buds develop?

A

The permanent tooth buds develop lingually/posterioally to the primary tooth buds

24
Q

How many secondary dental lamina will eventually form?

A

20 secondary dental lamina will eventuall form – 10 per arch. Each of the succedaneous teeth will have its own secondary dental papilla

recall: A succedaneous tooth is a permanent tooth that replaces a primary (deciduous) tooth
- - there are 16 permanent teeth per arch.. the other 6 permanent teeth are non-succedaneous ((develop beyond the primary dentition.. start to form posterior to the 2nd molar, and there are no premolars in primary dentition.. just c,l incisors and 1,2 molars /// non succedaneous in that they do not replace anything… and these have PRIMARY dental papilla

25
Q

how many primary dental papilla form?

A

there are 16 primary papilla that form per arch (MAX/mand). 10 of th primary papilla per arch is for primary teeth, and the other 6 are for the permanent teeth. the remaining 10 succedaneous teeth per arch have their own sencdary dental papilla that forms posterior to the primary papilla

26
Q

what epithelial stage comes after the epithelial bud stage?

A

the epithelial CAP stage follows the epithelial bud stage. these stages are determined by the shape of the epithelium which flattens out a bit from the rounded bud to look more like a cap (has a flat bottom and a rim/bill)

27
Q

in what stage does the epiuthelial knot appear?

A

the epithlial knot is found in the epithlial cap stage

28
Q

what is the epithelial knot?

A

the epithlial knot is a signaling center found in the epiuthlial cap. the e. knot is a concetration of peithlial ells that signal and determine if the tooth will develop into an anterior or posterior tooth

29
Q

T/F the signaling center found in the epithelial cap sends out signals that determine if the tooth is an anterior or posterior tooth

A

True, The epithelial knot is a concetrationof epithelial cells int he epithlial cap that sends signals to determine of the developing tooth will be ANT or posterior

30
Q

T/F there is secondary dental lamina present during the peithlial cap stage

A

False. There is no secondary dental la,mina present in the epithlial cap stage. .. however, the seconfary lamina develops from the priamnry dental lamina (which persists..) and is apparent in the epithelial bell stage

31
Q

What epithelial stage is after hte epithelial cap stage?

A

The epithelial BELL (aka the enamel organ) stage comes after the epithlial cap stage. here, the beining of the tooth crown shape is visible. The vestibular lamina has apoptosed to form a space called the vestibule adjacent to the enamel organ.

32
Q

T/F There are 3 distinct bands of cell layers visible in the eputhelial bell stage

A

False. there are 4 distinct layers of eputhlium arranged in the epithelial bell/ enamel organ stage. these layers are named according to their position withinthe bell and cell morphology

33
Q

Name the 4 distinct epithelial layers of the enamel organ

A

the enamel organ, aka epithelial bell, is made up of 4 distinct layers named accroding to the ir cell morhpology and position in the epi. bell::

inner epithelial layer
stratum intermedium epi. layer
stellate retuculum ep. layer
outer epithelial layer

34
Q

T/F secondary detnal lamina comes from oral epithelium

A

FALSE> the secondary dental lamina arise from the pirmary dental lamina, NOT the oral epithelium

35
Q

name the 3 distinct parts that form the tooth germ

A

the 3 distinct parts that form the tooth germ are the enamel orgam (epithelium) the dental papilla (ectomesenchyme) and the dental follicle (ectomesenchyme)

36
Q

of the 3 tooth germ layers.. which are vascualr and which are avascular?

A

The three layers of the tooth germ = the epithelal bell/ enamel organ, the dental papilla, and the dental follicle.

the enamel organ is Avascular while the dental papilla and follicle are Vascular

37
Q

what layer of the tooth germ will eventually form the pulp?

A

the dental papilla (in the enamel organ’s legs) is ectomesenchyme that forms fibroblasts and odontoblasts == and is eventually the PULP

38
Q

what tooth germ layer will eventually form the periodontal ligament?

A

the dental follicle (the ectomesenchyme surrounding the enamel organ) will eventually form the periodontal ligament.

39
Q

which of the tooth germ layers will form cementoblast and osteoblast cells?

A

The dental follicle will form the cementoblast and osteoblast cells,

osteoblast = bones.. logical as the dental follicle = the eventual periodontal ligaments which anchor into bone

40
Q

which of the tooth germ layers forms odontoblast cells?

A

the dental papilla forms odontoblast cells

41
Q

which of the germ cell layers forms ameloblasts?

A

Ameloblast cells (that make enamel) are formed by the epithelial bell. logival bc the epitheloal bell forms the enamel of the tooth via the ameloblast cells

42
Q

what is the reduced enamel epithelium?

A

the reduced enamel epithelium is formed by the ameloblasts of the enamel organ. this is a protective covering that sheaths the enamel surface and protects it until the tooth emerges into the oral cavity (( if the reduced enamel epithelium is not formed, the enamel can be damaged prior and during eruption ((such as by osteoclasts that degrade bone and will harm the enamel))

43
Q

where is the basal lamina located on the epithelial bell?

A

the basal lamina is the extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells (that make up the enamel organ) the basal lamina separates/ divides the epthlium of hte enamel organ and all the surrounding ectomesenchyme

44
Q

what tooth germ layer will form the dentin?

A

dentin is formed by odontoblasts, which is a cell formed in the ectomesenchymal dental papilla (the mesenchyme found bt the legs of the enamel organ)

45
Q

A clear space exists in histological slides bt the ameloblasts and the odontoblasts.. what happens to this clear space?

A

As the ameloblasts mature and grow, they grow into the clear space.. so in a more mature tooth germ, the clear space is not longer present/ visible. The clear space represents the eventual loation of the DEJ- dento-enamel junction

46
Q

what tooth germ layer is enamel from?

A

enamel is from the ameloblasts which are formed by the enamel organ&raquo_space; which is made of epithelium

47
Q

what is th reduced ename epithelium made up of?

A

the redcued enamel epthelium is the protective covering that is meant to shield the enamel until eruption. The reduced enamel epithelium is made up of the cell lahyers of the enamel organ (( which are:

  • inner epithelial layer
  • stratum intermedium
  • stellate reticvular cells
  • outer epithelial layer
48
Q

where is the cervical loop located?

A

the cervical loop is a location found on the enamel organ- the area that represents the meeting of the outer and inner epithelial layers … ((found at the tip toe of the enamel organ leg)

49
Q

what formation is found at the cervical loop?

A

the cervial loop is the lcoation of meeting of hte inner and outer eptielial layers.
where the inner epithelial layer and the outer epithelial layer meet, they form a double layer (overlap) and this is called “Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath”

50
Q

what are the 2 main functions of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath?

A

the 2 main functions of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath is to:

  • determine the outline of root dentin and
  • determine the number of root canals in a tooth

– recall: Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath is formed at the cervical loop as a result of the double layer of overlapjgn inner and out epithelial layers around the enamel organ

51
Q

T/F osteoclast cells are from the dental follicle

A

False. osteoBlast cells are from the dental follicle (which is the eventual periodontal ligament) . osteoblast cells build up bone. osteoclast cells are from the bone marrow and they break down bone.

52
Q

from what distinct layer of the epithelial bell do the ameloblasts come from?

A

The ameloblasts come from the inner epithelial layer of the enamel organ/ aka epihelial bell.

53
Q

after the enamel is formed, what do the 4 tissue layers of the enamel organ form?

A

After the enamel has been formed, the 4 layers of the eptiehlial bell/enamel organ form the reduced enamel eptiehlium, which is a protective layer covering the enamel as it enters the oral cavity ((enamel only wants to touch saliva.. without procetion, things like osteoclasts can degrade it during development/emergence)

54
Q

does dentinogenesis occur before or after amelogenesis?

A

dentinogenesis occurs BEFORE amelogenesis (i.e. dentin forms bf enamel)

55
Q

T/F the formation of dentin and enamel influence each oher via reciprocal induction

A

True. The epithelial cells of the enamel organ and the mesenchymal cells of the dental papilla interact to spur one-another to form via reciprocal induction - a biological concept. Dentinogenesis occurs before amelogenesis.. however, ameloblast presence is necessary for dentinogenesis ..and the formed dentin is Necessary for the formation of enamel.. == reciprocal induction

56
Q

what are the 4 mineralized issues of the oral cavity?

A

there is bone, enamel, dentin, and cementum = the 4 mineralized tissues of the oral cavity

57
Q

which of the 4 mineralized tissues of the oral cavity does Not have an unmineralized stage?

A

Enamel is the only mineralzied tisue that does not have an unmineralized, (pre-enamel) stage

oral histology (12 decks)

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