Ex.1 Flashcards
What values did the framers articulate in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
Problems with articles of confederation?
Did not produce order in governance, valued slavery
3 compromises made at beginning of the constitutional convention?
1) Formulation of a legislature
2) 3/5 clause
3) economic direction
How did the framers strengthen the government created under the constitution vs the articles of confederation?
The constitution strengthened the national government, limited the government’s power, promoted popular control, and incentified unity between states
What is federalism?
Constitutional authority divided between national and state governments
Why did the framers introduce federalism in the constitution?
To divide power and limit central government.
Dual federalism
Powers shared between federal and state governments
Different layers of government.
State, local, national government
How have the layers of government changed over time
They have become more cooperative with each other over time
Dillon’s rule
Local governments are to be fully controlled by the state
Home rule
Local governments are to be given some level of autonomy
Main goal of liberties given in the bill of rights?
To eliminate abuse of government
Which amendment incorporated the Bill of Rights to states?
14th amendment
Establishment clause
There is to be no established state religion
Free exercise clause
Freedom to exercise whichever religion one pleases
Libel
Written disregard of truth
Slander
Spoken disregard of truth
Obscenity
Inappropriate violation of speach
Difference between civil rights and civil liberties?
Rights are garunteed to the group while liberties are focused on the individual
Legal developments that affected civil rights?
Brown v. Board, Plessy v. Ferguson
Major pieces of Civil Rights litigation passed?
1964 civil rights act ended segregation and 1965 voting rights act ended voting discrimination
Significance of Brown v. Board decision?
Ended legalized segregation in the United States.
De facto segregation
Segregation without legal enforcement
De jure segregation
Segregation by legally enforced practices
Taxtics used to create segregated communities?
Redlining, flight to suburbs, etc..
What do we call the power of government to seize private property for public use?
Eminent Domain
The office of the presidency is established in what article of the constitution?
2
Delegate vs. Trustee Representation
Delegate is closely tied to constituents while trustee is far more loosely tied
Descriptive vs. Substantive Representation
Descriptive is based off of a racial, gender, etc… similarity while substantive is accountable by ideals.
Sociological vs. Agent Representation
Sociological is based off of race, gender, identity while Agent is more like a lawyer-client relationship… expectation that the constituent will be fairly represented.
Congressional committee’s role
Created around broad policy issues in order to get a large workload completed
Process of how a bill becomes a law
- Committeee hearing
- House
- Senate
- President signs into law/veto
“New Order Processes”
Much more convoluted.. used to halt progress of opposition
What powers does the constitution give the president?
Executive powers/Enumerated powers
Differences between house and senate
House: 435 members, direc
