ex phys test 3 Flashcards
what does the respiratory system do?
adds oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the blood.
what does the circulatory system do?
responsible for the delivery of oxygenated blood and nutrients to tissues for their needs.
cardiac output
increased amount of blood pumped per minute by the heart.
blood travels away from the heart in __ and returns to the heart via __.
arteries, veins.
__ branches so they form __, which develops into much smaller vessels called __.
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries.
The smallest and most numerous of blood vessels.
capillaries
Where exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients between tissues and the circulatory system occur across what?
capillaire beds
Blood passes from ___ to small venous vessels called___ (direct blood back toward the heart, they increase in size and becomes veins).
capillary beds, venules
what is the mixture of blood from both the upper and lower body that accumulates in the right side of the heart?
mixed venous blood
what prevents mixing of blood from the two sides of the heart?
Interventricular septum
The wall of the heart is composed of 3 layers, what are they called?
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
What is the myocardium responsible for?
And from where does it receive its blood supply?
Contracting and forcing blood out of the heart. Via the right and left coronary arteries.
what is the contraction phase?
Systole
Atrial contraction that occurs during ventricular diastole?
Systole
What is the relaxation phase?
Diastole
Atrial relaxation occurs during ventricular systole?
Diastole
With an increase in exercise to heavy exercise, there is a reduction in the time spent in what? diastole or systole?
Both
what is the normal blood pressure of an adult male and female?
Male = 120/80
Female = 110/70
120 and 110 systolic
70 and 80 diastolic
The pressure generated as blood is ejected from the heart during ventricular systole
Systolic blood pressure
Ventricular relaxation, where the arterial blood pressure decreases
Diastolic blood pressure
What determines the rate of blood flow through the systematic circuit?
Mean arterial blood pressure
Mean arterial pressure calculation
cardiac output x total vascular resistance
Pacemaker of the heart.
Spontaneous electrical activity in the ___ occurs due to a decay of the resting membrane potential via the inward diffusion of sodium during diastole.
SA node
Relays on the electrical depolarization signal to the ventricles by a pair of conductive pathways called the right and left bundle branches.
AV node
Depolarization of atria
P wave
depolarization of the ventricles, occurs at the beginning of the systole.
QRS complex
result of ventricular repolarization, occurs at the beginning of the diastole
T wave
The product of the heart rate and the stroke volume, it can be increased due to a rise in either heart rate or stroke volume
Cardiac Output
