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BIO 1406 Lab > Ex. 29 > Flashcards

Ex. 29 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Macromolecule

A

Polymer
Large structure made of smaller structures

Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids, Proteins, and Lipids

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2
Q

Micromolecule

A

Monomer

Small structure that makes up larger structures

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3
Q

Dehydration

A

Process of removing water to build macromolecules

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4
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Process of adding water to break down macromolecules into micromolecules

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5
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Rich in sugar and starches

Can be broken down into simpler molecules that provide energy

Made of Saccharide

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6
Q

Saccharide

A

Sugar

Makes up Carbohydrates

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7
Q

Monosaccharide

A

carb made of 1 sugar molecule

ex. Glucose

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8
Q

Sucrose

A

carb made from 1 molecule of glucose and 1 molecule of fructose
ex. Table sugar

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9
Q

Oligosaccharide

A

Carbs with intermediate length anywhere between 3 to 100 monosaccharides

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10
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Huge carb made of hundreds of monosaccharides

ex. Cellulose in plants

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11
Q

Proteins

A

Essential to the structures and activities of life

Function as: energy source, fight infection, assist in O2 transportation

Macromoluecule made up of micromolecules called amino acids

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12
Q

Peptide bonds

A

2 or more amino acids bonded together

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13
Q

Dipeptide bond

A

2 amino acids bonded together

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14
Q

Polypeptide chain

A

2 or more amino acids bonded together

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15
Q

Protein shapes

A

Primary - Chain
Secondary - Folded/Pleated
Tertiary - 3D
Quaternary - Clustered

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16
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

Make up an organism’s genetic information

DNA/RNA

Made up of the micromolecule nucleotide

17
Q

Nucleotide

A

Makes up DNA/RNA

Made of 3 components

  1. Sugar
  2. A phosphate group
  3. A nitrogen base
18
Q

DNA Nitrogen bases

A
  1. Adenine
  2. Thymine
  3. Guanine
  4. Cytosine

G pairs with C
A pairs with T

19
Q

RNA Nitrogen bases

A
  1. Adenine
  2. Guanine
  3. Cytosine
  4. Uracil

G pairs with C
A pairs with U

20
Q

Lipids

A

used for energy storage and make up our cell membranes

2 classes: simple and compound

21
Q

Simple lipids

A

Contains only Carbons, Hydrogens, and Oxygen
Includes fats and steroids

Can be grouped as Monoglycerides, Diglycerides, and Triglycerides

Saturated or unsaturated

22
Q

Saturated Lipids

A

No double bonds

Solid

23
Q

Unsaturated Lipids

A

1 or more double bonds

Oils

24
Q

Compound lipids

A

Contains Carbons, Hydrogens, Oxygen, fatty acids, and glycerol

25
Q

DNA

A

Two strands

During replication, the two strands untwist, pull apart, and the old strand becomes part of the new strand

26
Q

RNA

A

Singel stranded

BIO 1406 Lab (1 decks)

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