Evolutionary Theories in Psychology

Question 1

Adaptations

Answer 1

Evolved solutions to problems that historically contributed to reproductive success.

Question 2

Error Management Theory (EMT)

Answer 2

A theory of selection under conditions of uncertainty in which recurrent cost asymmetries of judgment or inference favor the evolution of adaptive cognitive biases that function to minimize the more costly errors.

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

Change over time

Question 4

Gene Selection Theory

Answer 4

The modern theory of evolution by selection by which differential gene replication is the defining process of evolutionary change.

Question 5

Intersexual Selection

Answer 5

A process of sexual selection by which evolution (change) occurs as a consequences of the mate preferences of one sex exerting selection pressure on members of the opposite sex.

Question 6

Intrasexual Competition

Answer 6

A process of sexual selection by which members of one sex compete with each other, and the victors gain preferential mating access to members of the opposite sex.

Question 7

Natural Selection

Answer 7

Differential reproductive success as a consequence of differences in heritable attributes.

Question 8

Psychological Adaptations

Answer 8

Mechanisms of the mind that evolved to solve specific problems of survival or reproduction; conceptualized as information processing devices.

Question 9

Sexual Selection

Answer 9

The evolution of characteristics because of the mating advantage they give organisms.

Question 10

Sexual Strategies Theory

Answer 10

A theory of human mating that defines the menu of mating strategies humans pursue (e.g., short-term casual sex, long-term committed mating), the adaptive problems women and men face when pursuing these strategies, and the evolved solutions to these mating problems.