Evolutionary Genetics

Question 1

What is Evolution?

Answer 1

a change in allele(variation) frequency over time, the source of variation is due to mutation, the change in DNA producing an altered gene

Question 2

What are the forms of the genetic variation

Answer 2

1. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
2. Length Polymorphism
3. Copy Number variation
4. Chromosome inversion/genome duplication

Question 3

What are the types of Point mutations?

Answer 3

1. Synonymous(silent)–> no amino acid change, has redundancy
2. Non-synonymous
   -missense–> amino acid change
   -nonsense–> change to termination

Question 4

How do non-coding variations affect phenotype?

Answer 4

-affect the expression level of the gene
-binding site of transcription factors & other proteins
-affect splice sites

Question 5

Calculation for genetic constitution in a population=ALLELE FREQUENCY

Answer 5

f(A)= # A alleles/total # chromosome(2 times the # of people)

Question 6

Genotype frequencies

Answer 6

of people carried combination/total people