Evolution vocab

Question 1

What is the random change that decreases the frequency of alleles or genes of a small population overtime

Answer 1

Genetic Drift

Question 2

What is the movement of genes in and out of a population

Answer 2

Gene flow

Question 3

When the probability of two organisms mating is not the same

Answer 3

Non-Random Mating

Question 4

What is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism?

Answer 4

Mutations

Question 5

Individuals that have traits that better suit their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Answer 5

Natural selection

Question 6

What is it called when a gene pool isn’t changing frequencies through generations?

Answer 6

Genetic equilibrium

Question 7

Equation(s) that can be used to calculate the genetic variation of a population at equilibrium

Answer 7

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Question 8

The evolution of two or more species from one ancestral species

Answer 8

Speciation

Question 9

The principle that states that the changes in landforms result from slow changes over a long period of time

Answer 9

Gradualism

Question 10

What is the theory describing an evolutionary change that occurs rapidly and in brief geological events

Answer 10

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 11

What is the term meaning: Many new species diverge (split off) from a common ancestor

Answer 11

Adaptive radiation

Question 12

Evolution of one or more closely related species into different species;resulted from adaptions to different environmental changes

Answer 12

Divergent evolutions

Question 13

What is convergent evolution?

Answer 13

organisms not closely related independently develop similar characteristics because they live in similar environments

Question 14

What is coevolution

Answer 14

When two or more species that live in close proximity change in response to each other

Question 15

The termination of a kind of organism or a group

Answer 15

Extinction

Question 16

What is Gradual extinction?

Answer 16

Animals slowly going extinct

Question 17

When species vanish much faster than they are able to be replaced

Answer 17

Mass extinction

Question 18

What is a gene pool?

Answer 18

The combination of all genes (alleles included) present in a reproducing population or species

Question 19

What are species?

Answer 19

group of organisms that are closely related and can produce fertile offspring

Question 20

species that live in the same area

Answer 20

Population

Question 21

What does fitness mean?

Answer 21

a measure of an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment when compared to other organisms in the population.

Question 22

Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but performs different functions.

Answer 22

Homologous structures

Question 23

different structure but same function, features that serve identical purposes and look like, but are not from a common ancestor

Answer 23

Analogous structures

Question 24

What are vestigial organs?

Answer 24

rudimentary anatomical structures that are retained in a species despite having lost their primary ancestral function.

Question 25

What is the study of embryo’s

Answer 25

Embryology

Question 26

What is the exploration of chemical processes related to living organisms

Answer 26

Biochemistry

Question 27

Science concerned with with fossil animals and plants

Answer 27

Paleontology