evolution (part 2) Flashcards
What are 3 things consistently cause changes in allele frequency in a population?
natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift
what is speciation?
formation of new species
What is the founder effect?
frequency change due to migration of small subgroup
what is the bottleneck effect?
sudden drastic reduction in population size due to environmental change
What is the definition of species?
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
what is temporal?
when populations that live in the same habitat produce at different times.
What is geographical distribution?
similar environment have similar types of organisms but unrelated species
what is gene flow?
transfer of alleles in and out of a population
what is genetic drift?
a random change in allele frequency
what is selective pressure?
something that affects individuals survival
What are examples of selective pressure?
prey, predators, habitat, mates
what is reproductive isolation?
when two populations can no longer interbreed
What is geographical isolation?
physical barrier to the population ex: mountains, rivers
what is habitat isolation?
two species live in different regions, making reproductive
What are evidence of evolution?
fossil record, geographical distribution, homo structurees, convergent evolution, vestigal structures embrology and molecular comparisons
