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CSADPRG > Evolution of Programming Languages > Flashcards

Evolution of Programming Languages Flashcards

1
Q

It is the first programming language but it was never implemented

A

Zuse’s Plankalkul

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2
Q

What did Zuse’s Plankalkul introduced

A

Advanced data structures

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3
Q

It is a detailed and readable description that describes what a computer should do

A

Pseudocodes

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4
Q

What was wrong with machine code? Name 4 problems

A
  1. Poor readability
  2. Poor modifiability
  3. Expression coding was tedious
  4. Machine deficiencies
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5
Q

What is the first programming language that was ever compiled?

A

Autocode

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6
Q

What is/are the contributions of Autocode?

A

Combines small programming language

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7
Q

Fortran 1 was started by?

A

Fortran 0 but it was never implemented

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8
Q

What is Fortran 1 designed for?

A

IBM 704 which had index registers and floating point hardware

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9
Q

What did Fortran introduced? Name 5 of them

A
  1. Variable names up to 6 characters
  2. User defined subroutines
  3. If statement
  4. Do loop statement
  5. Formatted input/output
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10
Q

This Fortran version has an independent compilation and bug fixes from its predeccessor?

A

Fortran 2

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11
Q

This Fortran version introduced explicit type declaration and logical selection statement

A

Fortran IV

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12
Q

This Fortran version contains character string handling, logical loop control and if-then-else statement

A

Fortran 77

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13
Q

This Fortran version contains modules, dynamic arrays, pointers, recursion, CASE statement and parameter type checking

A

Fortran 90

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14
Q

What is another word for LISP?

A

List Processing Language

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15
Q

How many data types does LISP have? Name them

A

Two data types
1. Atoms
2. Lists

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16
Q

Which syntax LISP is based on?

A

Lambda Calculus

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17
Q

LISP does not need variables and assignment, and control is via recursion and conditional expression. What type of language is LISP?

A

Pioneered Functional Programming

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18
Q

What is the first language to implement nested functions

A

ALGOL 58

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19
Q

What are the 3 goals of ALGOL 58?

A
  1. Close to mathematical notation
  2. Good for describing algorithms
  3. Must be translatable to machine code
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20
Q

The successor of ALGOL 58

A

ALGOL 60

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21
Q

Name the 4 features of ALGOL 60

A
  1. Block structures
  2. Two parameter passing methods
  3. Recursive procedures
  4. Stack dynamic arrays
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22
Q

What are the 3 successes that ALGOL 60 made?

A
  1. Standard way to publish algorithms
  2. First machine independent language
  3. First language whose syntax was formally defined
23
Q

Why did ALGOL 60 failed?

A

No i/o system and hard to implement

24
Q

It is the first language required by DoD (Data Oriented Design) and started the use of programming aside from mathematicians

25
Q

What does COBOL stand for

A

Common Business Oriented Language

26
Q

Name 3 goals of COBOL

A
  1. Must look like simple English
  2. Must be easy to use
  3. Design should not be restricted by problems of its implementation
27
Q

What are the contributions of COBOL

A
  1. First macro facility in a high level language
  2. Hierarchical data structures (records)
  3. Nested selection statements
  4. Long variable names up to 30 characters with hyphens
  5. Data division (variables are defined in detail)
28
Q

What are the design goals for BASIC?

A
  1. easy to learn
  2. pleasant and friendly
  3. fast turnaround for homework
  4. free and private access
29
Q

This programming language is almost forgotten because it required users to pay to compile a code

30
Q

What are the contributions of PL/1?

A
  1. First unit level concurrency
  2. First exception handling
31
Q

Name the 2 types of Dynamic Languages

A
  1. APL
  2. SNOBOL
32
Q

What programming language is designed as a hardware description language and it is highly expressive

33
Q

What is APL also known as?

A

A Programming Language

34
Q

What programming language is designed as a string manipulation language? This language also introduces concatenation

35
Q

Which programming language led to the beginning of abstraction?

36
Q

SIMULA 67 is based on what programming languages?

A
  1. ALGOL 60
  2. SIMULA 1
37
Q

Which programming language is based on the concept of Orthogonality?

38
Q

What are the contributions of ALGOL 68?

A
  1. User defined data structures
  2. reference types
  3. dynamic arrays
39
Q

Which programming language is designed for teaching structured programming?

40
Q

Which programming language is designed for system programming and is originally called as NB?

41
Q

Which programming language is based on formal logic and it is non procedural? It also has a database system that uses an inferencing process to infer the truth of given queries.

42
Q

Which word that best describes the use of formal logic notation to communicate computational process to a computer?

A

Logic Programming

43
Q

Which programming language that took 8 years to develop?

44
Q

What are the contributions of ADA 95

A
  1. Packages - support for data abstraction
  2. Exception Handling
  3. Generic program units
  4. Concurrency - through the tasking model
45
Q

Which programming language has new concurrency features and more flexible libraries that its predeccessor?

46
Q

This programming language implemented the first object oriented language and pioneered the GUI

A

Small Talk

47
Q

This programming language supports both procedural and OO programming.

48
Q

Which languages C++ is based from?

A
  1. C
  2. SIMULA 67
49
Q

This programming language introduced imperative based called OOP

50
Q

Name the 3 scripting languages

A
  1. Ruby
  2. Perl
  3. Javascript
51
Q

What can you describe Ruby?

A

Simple in appearance but very complex inside

52
Q

This programming language always compiled to an intermediate language before being executed and originally a combination of sh and awk

53
Q

This programming language is primarily used for web programming and creating dynamic HTML documents

A

Javascript

54
Q

What was JavaScript’s original name? And which word was it renamed

A

Original: Mocha
Renamed to LiveScript

CSADPRG (2 decks)

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