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RT 200 > EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE DELIVERY > Flashcards

EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE DELIVERY Flashcards

1
Q

Immersion in cool water and applying mud to irritated areas

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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2
Q

Sucking stings

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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3
Q

Licking Wounds

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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4
Q

Exerting pressure on wounds to stop bleeding

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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5
Q

What do you call the treatment is intertwined with religion and magic

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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6
Q

Tribal Healers

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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6
Q

Sucking, bleeding, fumigating, steam baths, medicinal herbs

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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7
Q

Seat of life

A

Liver

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8
Q

Disease is a divine punishment or mark of sin

A

Ancient Hebrews

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9
Q

Disease was considered an imbalance of the four humors of the body: pleghm, blood, yellow, bile

A

4th Century Hebrews

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10
Q

Mesopotamians

A

Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine

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11
Q

Embalming

A

Ancient Egypt

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12
Q

Linked anatomy and physiology with theology

A

Ancient Egypt

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13
Q

Pills, cake suppositories, enemas, ointments, drops, gargles, fumigation and baths

A

Ancient Egypt

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14
Q

Drugs were made from vegetable, mineral and animal substances and imported materials such as saffron, cinnamon, and perfumes, spices, sandalwood, gums, antominy

A

Ancient Egypt

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15
Q

Isis

A

Healing goddess

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16
Q

Hathor

A

mistress of heaven and protector of women during childbirth

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17
Q

Keket

A

Fertility?

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18
Q

Life is eternal cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction

A

Ancient India

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19
Q

Detected diabetes by the sweetness of urine

A

Ancient India

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20
Q

Treated snakebites by appying torniquets

A

Ancient India

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21
Q

Surgery of nose, earlobes, harelips, and hernias

A

Ancient India

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22
Q

Perform cesarian sections

A

Ancient India

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23
Q

Balance of yin and yang

A

Harmony

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24
Q

Was considered the way

A

Tao

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25
Q

Confucius forbade dissections

A

Ancient China

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26
Q

Nei Ching

A

Ancient China

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27
Q

Five methods of treatment

A
  • Cure the spirit
  • Nourish the body
  • Give medications
  • Treat the whole body
  • Acupuncture and moxibustion
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28
Q

exercise, physical therapy, massage, and administering medicinal herbs, trees, insects, stones and grains.

A

Treatment

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29
Q

What ancient is exercise, physical therapy, massage, and administering medicinal herbs, trees, insects, stones and grains practiced?

A

Ancient China

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29
Q

What years is inculotaion against smallpox was created

A

11th Century

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30
Q

Built healing temples of Asclepios in Thessaly

A

Ancient Greece

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31
Q

Round building encircled a pool or sacred spring of water for purification

A

Tholos

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32
Q

Building for incubation site where cure takes place

A

Abaton

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33
Q

Healing rituals began after sundown and often involved fasting or abstinence from certain food or wine

A

Ancient Greece

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34
Q

Two people from Ancient Greece

A
  • Tholos
  • Abaton
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35
Q

What ancient are these people from? Thales, Anaximader, Anaximenes, Heraclitus

A

Pre-Hippocratic Medicine

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36
Q

Living creatures originated in water

A

Anaximander

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37
Q

Air is necessary for life

A

Anaximenes

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38
Q

Basic

A
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39
Q

Basic element in all animal and plant life was water, from which came from the earth and air

A

Thales

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40
Q

Earth, air, fire and water are basic component of life

A

6th Century BC

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41
Q

Father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

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42
Q

His approach revolutionized medicine before the ancient past and began turning it into and objective science

A

Hippocrates

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43
Q

People practicing should be pure and holy

A

Hippocrates

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44
Q

What did Hippocrates taught during his time about one should have:

A
  • Observe all
  • Study the patient rather than the disease
  • Evaluate Honesty
  • Assist Nature
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45
Q

Address mental illness, anxiety and depression

A

Hippocrates

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46
Q

Healing message for Christ

A

Christianity

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47
Q

Healing was not differentiated into physical, mental or spiritual

A

Christianity

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48
Q

Luke the physician

A

Christianity

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49
Q

With the crusaders came the disitribution of disease

A

Christianity

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49
Q

Compassion, forgiveness, and concern for the unfortunate and dispossessed

A

Christian Faith

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50
Q

Founded a hospital in the fourth century. other hospitals were established by Christian community in Caesarea, Edessa, and Bethlehem

A

Roman Emperor Constantine

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51
Q

What are the 3 hospitals in the community during Roman Emperor Constantine

A
  • Caesarea
  • Edessa
  • Bethlehem
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52
Q

What are the three diseases that came during the crusaders

A
  • Leprosy
  • Typhus
  • Smallpox
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53
Q

What year did the bubonic plague happened

A

1347

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54
Q

Father of pharmacology

A

Paracelsus

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55
Q

First suggested that gonorrhea and syphilis are separate diseases

A

Jean Fernel

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56
Q

Physiology, pathology and therapeutics were standard discipline of medicine

A

The Renaissance

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57
Q

Forerunner of clinical surgery

A

Ambroise Pare

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58
Q

Father of Anatomy

A

Andreas Versalius

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59
Q

Combination of Alchemy , medicine, and chemistry

A

Latrochemistry

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60
Q

First measurement of the relative weight of urine

A

Jan Baptista Van Helmont

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61
Q

Presented laws of motion in mathematical manner

A

Galileo

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62
Q

Discovered gravity

A

Isaac Newton

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63
Q

Continuous circulation of blood in body system

A

William Harvey

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64
Q

Centigrade system for measuring temperature

A

Christian Huygens

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65
Q

Developed the system of measuring temperature

A

Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit

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66
Q

Forerunners in the invention of microscope

A

Marcello Malpighi and Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

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67
Q

Was discovered as a treatment for malaria

A

Quinine

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68
Q

Explored human anatomy through dissections

A

Leonardo Da Vinci

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69
Q

What era is Ambroise Pare

A

The Renaissance

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70
Q

What era is Andreas Versalius

A

The Renaissance

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71
Q

What era is Latrochemistry

A

The Renaissance

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72
Q

What era is Jan Baptista Van Helmont

A

The Renaissance

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73
Q

What era is Galileo

A

The Renaissance

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74
Q

What era is Isaac Newton

A

The Renaissance

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75
Q

What era is William Harvey

A

The Renaissance

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76
Q

What era is Christian Huygens

A

The Renaissance

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77
Q

What era is Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit

A

The Renaissance

78
Q

What era is Marcello Malpighi and Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

A

The Renaissance

79
Q

What era is Quinine

A

The Renaissance

80
Q

What era is Leonardo Da Vinci

A

The Renaissance

81
Q

What era is Thales

A

Pre-Hippocratic Medicine

82
Q

What era is Anaximander

A

Pre-Hippocratic Medicine

83
Q

What era is Anaximenes

A

Pre-Hippocratic Medicine

84
Q

What era is Heraclitus

A

Pre-Hippocratic Medicine

85
Q

What era is Tholos

A

Ancient Greece

86
Q

What era is Abaton

A

Ancient Greece

87
Q

In depth- studies of the nervous system; discovered the relationship of the brain cortex to peripheral nerves, and became founder of modern physiologic theory

A

Albrecht Von Haller

88
Q

Pioneer of experimental fertilization

A

Lazzaro Spallanzani

89
Q

Demonstrated blood circulation, stressed importance of the capillary system, and became the first person to record blood pressure with manometer

A

Stephen Hales

90
Q

Father of pathology, Correlated anatomy with pathology

A

Giovanni Battista Morgagni

91
Q

Smallpox Vaccination

A

Edward Jenner

92
Q

Specialists in obstetrics, founded the Great Windmill Street School of Anatomy, the first medic school in London

A

William Hunter

93
Q

Experimental Surgeon; method of closing aneurysm; Pioneer in comparative anatomy

A

John Hunter

94
Q

Humane regimen be instilled at Asylum de Bicetre near Paris (care and treatment for mentally Ill patients)

A

Philippine Pinel

95
Q

What era is What era is Albrecht Von Haller

A

18th Century

96
Q

What era is Lazzaro Spallanzani

A

18th Century

97
Q

What era is 18th CenturyStephen Hales

A

18th Century

98
Q

What era is Giovanni Battista Morgagni

A

18th Century

99
Q

What era is Edward Jenner

A

18th Century

100
Q

What era is William Hunter

A

18th Century

101
Q

What era is John Hunter

A

18th Century

102
Q

What era is Philippe Pinel

A

18th Century

103
Q

What era is autopsies are the major focus medicine

A

19th Century

104
Q

He is the most outstanding morphologic pathologist of his time

A

Carl Rokitansky

105
Q

All cells come from other cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

106
Q

He is the founder of experimental physiology and discovered the principle of homeostasis, clarified the multiple functions of the liver, studied digestive activities of the pancreas, and was the first to link pancreas with diabetes

A

Claude Bernard

107
Q

He pioneered and established the specialty of internal medicine

A

Claude Bernard

108
Q

He is a pathologic and clinical understanding of chest diseases including emphysema, bronchiectasis and tuberculosis

A

Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec

109
Q

He was also a pioneer in the invention and the use of then stethoscope

A

Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec

110
Q

Performed the first successful abdominal surgery to remove a huge cyst from an ovary.

A

Ephraim McDowell

111
Q

Laid foundation from gynecology and founded the Women’s Hospital of the State of New York

A

J. Marion Sims

112
Q

He invented the Sims position and later the Speculum and Catheter

A

J. Marion Sims

113
Q

What year did nitrous oxide gas and chloroform has been discovered but not yet put into practice

A

1831

114
Q

He discovered nitrous oxide gas

A

Joseph Priestly

115
Q

He suggested to use in surgery but was ignored

A

Humphry Davy

116
Q

He used Sulfuric ether during surgery in 1842

A

Crawford W. Long

117
Q

He discovered that bacteria were often origin from disease

A

Joseph Lister

118
Q

He had done the safe surgical procedure

A

Joseph Lister

119
Q

Germ theory of disease and explained the effectiveness of asepsis and antisepsis

A

Louis Pasteur

120
Q

He has done extensive research into microorganisms and founded bacteriology

A

Robert Kooch

121
Q

He is the first american psychiatrist

A

Benjamin Rush

122
Q

He is the first prominent american physiologist

A

William Beaumonth

123
Q

He is the foundation of the modern genetics - Experiments of heredity of plants

A

Gregor Mendel

124
Q

He discovered X-rays

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

125
Q

When was X-rays discovered

A

November 8, 1895

126
Q

They both discovered radium

A

Pierre & Marie Curie

127
Q

They provided foundation for the use of radioactivity in the treatment of disease

A

Pierre & Marie Curie

128
Q
A
129
Q

What era was Rudolf Virchow

A

19th Century

130
Q

What era was Claude Bernard

A

19th Century

131
Q

What era was Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec

A

19th Century

132
Q

What era was Ephraim McDowell

A

19th Century

133
Q
A
134
Q
A
135
Q
A
135
Q
A
136
Q
A
136
Q
A
137
Q
A
137
Q
A
138
Q
A
139
Q
A
140
Q
A
141
Q

What era was Pierre and Marie Curie

A

19th Century

142
Q

What is an eradicated yellow fever

A

Major Walter Reed

143
Q

Father of Chemotherapy

A

Paul Ehrlich

144
Q

What era is Paul Ehrlich

A

20th Century

144
Q

What era was Major Walter Reed

A

20th Century

145
Q

He did an extensive research of process in digestion

A

Pavlov

145
Q

They invented the first artificial kidney which led to dialysis

A

▫️Abel
▫️Rowntree
▫️Turner

146
Q

He made the first electrocardiogram

A

Willem Einthoven

147
Q

He invented the electroencephalogram

A

Hands Burger

148
Q

Defined and isolated vitamins and described their role in life process

A

▫️Lind
▫️Eijkman
▫️Hopkins
▫️Szent-Gyorgi
▫️Funk

149
Q

What era was surgical techniques were refined

A

20th Century

150
Q

What year was the microscope invented

A

1930

151
Q

It is a virtually eliminated the scourge of poliomyelitis

A

Salk Vaccine

151
Q

They accurately described deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule

A

Watson and Crick

152
Q

When was Watson and Crick described the Deoxyribonucleic acid?

A

1962

153
Q

They performed the first successful human heart transplant

A

Christiaan Barnard

154
Q

What era was Computers and Imaging equipment

A

20th Century

154
Q

What era was Major transplants

A

20th Century

154
Q

What era was Coronary Bypass Surgery

A

20th Century

155
Q

What era was Arthroscopic surgery

A

20th Century

156
Q

What era was Laparoscopic Surgery

A

20th Century

157
Q

What era was Lithotripsy

A

20th Century

158
Q

What era was Use of Lasers

A

20th Century

159
Q

What era was Artificial Hips and knees

A

20th Century

160
Q

What era was Plastic surgery

A

20th Century

160
Q

What era was Rapid expansion of technology and information

A

21st Century

160
Q

What era was Research into genetics has greatly expanded our knowledge about heredity

A

21st Century

161
Q

What era was Biotechnology

A

21st Century

162
Q

What era was Robotic Surgery

A

21st Century

162
Q

What has Robotic Surgery has to offer (3 Advantages)

A

▫️ Less Blood
▫️Faster recovery of patients
▫️Fewer overall complications

162
Q

What era was electrical conduction system of the heart has been mapped

A

21st Century

163
Q

What era was Pavlov

A

20th Century

164
Q

What era was Salk Vaccine

A

20th Century

165
Q

What era was Christaan Barnard

A

20th Century

166
Q

What era was Electron Microscope

A

20th Century

166
Q

What era was Watson and Crick

A

20th Century

166
Q

What era was Abel / Rowntree / and Turner

A

20th Century

167
Q

What era was Hans Burger

A

20th Century

167
Q

What era was Lind / Eijkman / Hopkins / Szent-Gyorgi and Funk

A

20th Century

168
Q

They defined as “state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

A

WHO (World Health Organization)

169
Q

A condition if the living animal or plant body or one of it’s parts that impairs normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms.

A

Disease

170
Q

Defines as death rates

A

Mortality

170
Q

Occurrence of disease or condition

A

Morbidity

171
Q

What are the Risk Factors and Primary Causes of Death

A

▫️Heart Disease
▫️Cancer
▫️Cerebrovascular Disease
▫️Accidents
▫️Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease

171
Q

What are the primary factors of “Heart Disease”

A

▫️Sedentary Lifestyle
▫️Cigarette Smoking
▫️Hypertension

171
Q

What are the primary factors of “Cancer”

A

▫️Obesity
▫️Diabetes
▫️High Cholesterol

171
Q

What are the Primary Factors of “Cerebrovascular Disease”

A

▫️Cigarette
▫️Hypertension
▫️High Cholesterol

171
Q

What are the Primary factors of “Accidents”

A

▫️Failure to use seatbelts
▫️High Alcohol Use

171
Q

What are the Primary Factors of “Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease”

A

▫️Cigarette Smoking

171
Q
A
171
Q
A
172
Q
A

RT 200 (1 decks)

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