EVOLUTION OF HEALTH CARE DELIVERY Flashcards
1
Q
Immersion in cool water and applying mud to irritated areas
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
2
Q
Sucking stings
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
3
Q
Licking Wounds
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
4
Q
Exerting pressure on wounds to stop bleeding
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
5
Q
What do you call the treatment is intertwined with religion and magic
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
6
Q
Tribal Healers
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
6
Q
Sucking, bleeding, fumigating, steam baths, medicinal herbs
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
7
Q
Seat of life
A
Liver
8
Q
Disease is a divine punishment or mark of sin
A
Ancient Hebrews
9
Q
Disease was considered an imbalance of the four humors of the body: pleghm, blood, yellow, bile
A
4th Century Hebrews
10
Q
Mesopotamians
A
Prehistoric and Ancient Medicine
11
Q
Embalming
A
Ancient Egypt
12
Q
Linked anatomy and physiology with theology
A
Ancient Egypt
13
Q
Pills, cake suppositories, enemas, ointments, drops, gargles, fumigation and baths
A
Ancient Egypt
14
Q
Drugs were made from vegetable, mineral and animal substances and imported materials such as saffron, cinnamon, and perfumes, spices, sandalwood, gums, antominy
A
Ancient Egypt
15
Q
Isis
A
Healing goddess
16
Q
Hathor
A
mistress of heaven and protector of women during childbirth
17
Q
Keket
A
Fertility?
18
Q
Life is eternal cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction
A
Ancient India
19
Q
Detected diabetes by the sweetness of urine
A
Ancient India
20
Q
Treated snakebites by appying torniquets
A
Ancient India
21
Q
Surgery of nose, earlobes, harelips, and hernias
A
Ancient India
22
Q
Perform cesarian sections
A
Ancient India
23
Q
Balance of yin and yang
A
Harmony
24
Was considered the way
Tao
25
Confucius forbade dissections
Ancient China
26
Nei Ching
Ancient China
27
Five methods of treatment
* Cure the spirit
* Nourish the body
* Give medications
* Treat the whole body
* Acupuncture and moxibustion
28
exercise, physical therapy, massage, and administering medicinal herbs, trees, insects, stones and grains.
Treatment
29
What ancient is exercise, physical therapy, massage, and administering medicinal herbs, trees, insects, stones and grains practiced?
Ancient China
29
What years is inculotaion against smallpox was created
11th Century
30
Built healing temples of Asclepios in Thessaly
Ancient Greece
31
Round building encircled a pool or sacred spring of water for purification
Tholos
32
Building for incubation site where cure takes place
Abaton
33
Healing rituals began after sundown and often involved fasting or abstinence from certain food or wine
Ancient Greece
34
Two people from Ancient Greece
* Tholos
* Abaton
35
What ancient are these people from? Thales, Anaximader, Anaximenes, Heraclitus
Pre-Hippocratic Medicine
36
Living creatures originated in water
Anaximander
37
Air is necessary for life
Anaximenes
38
Basic
39
Basic element in all animal and plant life was water, from which came from the earth and air
Thales
40
Earth, air, fire and water are basic component of life
6th Century BC
41
Father of medicine
Hippocrates
42
His approach revolutionized medicine before the ancient past and began turning it into and objective science
Hippocrates
43
People practicing should be pure and holy
Hippocrates
44
What did Hippocrates taught during his time about one should have:
* Observe all
* Study the patient rather than the disease
* Evaluate Honesty
* Assist Nature
45
Address mental illness, anxiety and depression
Hippocrates
46
Healing message for Christ
Christianity
47
Healing was not differentiated into physical, mental or spiritual
Christianity
48
Luke the physician
Christianity
49
With the crusaders came the disitribution of disease
Christianity
49
Compassion, forgiveness, and concern for the unfortunate and dispossessed
Christian Faith
50
Founded a hospital in the fourth century. other hospitals were established by Christian community in Caesarea, Edessa, and Bethlehem
Roman Emperor Constantine
51
What are the 3 hospitals in the community during Roman Emperor Constantine
* Caesarea
* Edessa
* Bethlehem
52
What are the three diseases that came during the crusaders
* Leprosy
* Typhus
* Smallpox
53
What year did the bubonic plague happened
1347
54
Father of pharmacology
Paracelsus
55
First suggested that gonorrhea and syphilis are separate diseases
Jean Fernel
56
Physiology, pathology and therapeutics were standard discipline of medicine
The Renaissance
57
Forerunner of clinical surgery
Ambroise Pare
58
Father of Anatomy
Andreas Versalius
59
Combination of Alchemy , medicine, and chemistry
Latrochemistry
60
First measurement of the relative weight of urine
Jan Baptista Van Helmont
61
Presented laws of motion in mathematical manner
Galileo
62
Discovered gravity
Isaac Newton
63
Continuous circulation of blood in body system
William Harvey
64
Centigrade system for measuring temperature
Christian Huygens
65
Developed the system of measuring temperature
Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit
66
Forerunners in the invention of microscope
Marcello Malpighi and Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
67
Was discovered as a treatment for malaria
Quinine
68
Explored human anatomy through dissections
Leonardo Da Vinci
69
What era is Ambroise Pare
The Renaissance
70
What era is Andreas Versalius
The Renaissance
71
What era is Latrochemistry
The Renaissance
72
What era is Jan Baptista Van Helmont
The Renaissance
73
What era is Galileo
The Renaissance
74
What era is Isaac Newton
The Renaissance
75
What era is William Harvey
The Renaissance
76
What era is Christian Huygens
The Renaissance
77
What era is Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit
The Renaissance
78
What era is Marcello Malpighi and Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
The Renaissance
79
What era is Quinine
The Renaissance
80
What era is Leonardo Da Vinci
The Renaissance
81
What era is Thales
Pre-Hippocratic Medicine
82
What era is Anaximander
Pre-Hippocratic Medicine
83
What era is Anaximenes
Pre-Hippocratic Medicine
84
What era is Heraclitus
Pre-Hippocratic Medicine
85
What era is Tholos
Ancient Greece
86
What era is Abaton
Ancient Greece
87
In depth- studies of the nervous system; discovered the relationship of the brain cortex to peripheral nerves, and became founder of modern physiologic theory
Albrecht Von Haller
88
Pioneer of experimental fertilization
Lazzaro Spallanzani
89
Demonstrated blood circulation, stressed importance of the capillary system, and became the first person to record blood pressure with manometer
Stephen Hales
90
Father of pathology, Correlated anatomy with pathology
Giovanni Battista Morgagni
91
Smallpox Vaccination
Edward Jenner
92
Specialists in obstetrics, founded the Great Windmill Street School of Anatomy, the first medic school in London
William Hunter
93
Experimental Surgeon; method of closing aneurysm; Pioneer in comparative anatomy
John Hunter
94
Humane regimen be instilled at Asylum de Bicetre near Paris (care and treatment for mentally Ill patients)
Philippine Pinel
95
What era is What era is Albrecht Von Haller
18th Century
96
What era is Lazzaro Spallanzani
18th Century
97
What era is 18th CenturyStephen Hales
18th Century
98
What era is Giovanni Battista Morgagni
18th Century
99
What era is Edward Jenner
18th Century
100
What era is William Hunter
18th Century
101
What era is John Hunter
18th Century
102
What era is Philippe Pinel
18th Century
103
What era is autopsies are the major focus medicine
19th Century
104
He is the most outstanding morphologic pathologist of his time
Carl Rokitansky
105
All cells come from other cells
Rudolf Virchow
106
He is the founder of experimental physiology and discovered the principle of homeostasis, clarified the multiple functions of the liver, studied digestive activities of the pancreas, and was the first to link pancreas with diabetes
Claude Bernard
107
He pioneered and established the specialty of internal medicine
Claude Bernard
108
He is a pathologic and clinical understanding of chest diseases including emphysema, bronchiectasis and tuberculosis
Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec
109
He was also a pioneer in the invention and the use of then stethoscope
Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec
110
Performed the first successful abdominal surgery to remove a huge cyst from an ovary.
Ephraim McDowell
111
Laid foundation from gynecology and founded the Women's Hospital of the State of New York
J. Marion Sims
112
He invented the Sims position and later the Speculum and Catheter
J. Marion Sims
113
What year did nitrous oxide gas and chloroform has been discovered but not yet put into practice
1831
114
He discovered nitrous oxide gas
Joseph Priestly
115
He suggested to use in surgery but was ignored
Humphry Davy
116
He used Sulfuric ether during surgery in 1842
Crawford W. Long
117
He discovered that bacteria were often origin from disease
Joseph Lister
118
He had done the safe surgical procedure
Joseph Lister
119
Germ theory of disease and explained the effectiveness of asepsis and antisepsis
Louis Pasteur
120
He has done extensive research into microorganisms and founded bacteriology
Robert Kooch
121
He is the first american psychiatrist
Benjamin Rush
122
He is the first prominent american physiologist
William Beaumonth
123
He is the foundation of the modern genetics - Experiments of heredity of plants
Gregor Mendel
124
He discovered X-rays
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
125
When was X-rays discovered
November 8, 1895
126
They both discovered radium
Pierre & Marie Curie
127
They provided foundation for the use of radioactivity in the treatment of disease
Pierre & Marie Curie
128
129
What era was Rudolf Virchow
19th Century
130
What era was Claude Bernard
19th Century
131
What era was Rene-Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec
19th Century
132
What era was Ephraim McDowell
19th Century
133
134
135
135
136
136
137
137
138
139
140
141
What era was Pierre and Marie Curie
19th Century
142
What is an eradicated yellow fever
Major Walter Reed
143
Father of Chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich
144
What era is Paul Ehrlich
20th Century
144
What era was Major Walter Reed
20th Century
145
He did an extensive research of process in digestion
Pavlov
145
They invented the first artificial kidney which led to dialysis
▫️Abel
▫️Rowntree
▫️Turner
146
He made the first electrocardiogram
Willem Einthoven
147
He invented the electroencephalogram
Hands Burger
148
Defined and isolated vitamins and described their role in life process
▫️Lind
▫️Eijkman
▫️Hopkins
▫️Szent-Gyorgi
▫️Funk
149
What era was surgical techniques were refined
20th Century
150
What year was the microscope invented
1930
151
It is a virtually eliminated the scourge of poliomyelitis
Salk Vaccine
151
They accurately described deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule
Watson and Crick
152
When was Watson and Crick described the Deoxyribonucleic acid?
1962
153
They performed the first successful human heart transplant
Christiaan Barnard
154
What era was Computers and Imaging equipment
20th Century
154
What era was Major transplants
20th Century
154
What era was Coronary Bypass Surgery
20th Century
155
What era was Arthroscopic surgery
20th Century
156
What era was Laparoscopic Surgery
20th Century
157
What era was Lithotripsy
20th Century
158
What era was Use of Lasers
20th Century
159
What era was Artificial Hips and knees
20th Century
160
What era was Plastic surgery
20th Century
160
What era was Rapid expansion of technology and information
21st Century
160
What era was Research into genetics has greatly expanded our knowledge about heredity
21st Century
161
What era was Biotechnology
21st Century
162
What era was Robotic Surgery
21st Century
162
What has Robotic Surgery has to offer (3 Advantages)
▫️ Less Blood
▫️Faster recovery of patients
▫️Fewer overall complications
162
What era was electrical conduction system of the heart has been mapped
21st Century
163
What era was Pavlov
20th Century
164
What era was Salk Vaccine
20th Century
165
What era was Christaan Barnard
20th Century
166
What era was Electron Microscope
20th Century
166
What era was Watson and Crick
20th Century
166
What era was Abel / Rowntree / and Turner
20th Century
167
What era was Hans Burger
20th Century
167
What era was Lind / Eijkman / Hopkins / Szent-Gyorgi and Funk
20th Century
168
They defined as "state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"
WHO (World Health Organization)
169
A condition if the living animal or plant body or one of it's parts that impairs normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms.
Disease
170
Defines as death rates
Mortality
170
Occurrence of disease or condition
Morbidity
171
What are the Risk Factors and Primary Causes of Death
▫️Heart Disease
▫️Cancer
▫️Cerebrovascular Disease
▫️Accidents
▫️Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
171
What are the primary factors of "Heart Disease"
▫️Sedentary Lifestyle
▫️Cigarette Smoking
▫️Hypertension
171
What are the primary factors of "Cancer"
▫️Obesity
▫️Diabetes
▫️High Cholesterol
171
What are the Primary Factors of "Cerebrovascular Disease"
▫️Cigarette
▫️Hypertension
▫️High Cholesterol
171
What are the Primary factors of "Accidents"
▫️Failure to use seatbelts
▫️High Alcohol Use
171
What are the Primary Factors of "Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease"
▫️Cigarette Smoking
171
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