Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Care > Evolution of Health Care > Flashcards

Evolution of Health Care Flashcards

1
Q

Time Periods of Health Care

A

-Colonial (pre-1850)
-Institutionalization (1850-1900)
-emergence of scientific method in HC (1900-1945)
-Logistics and Planning (WWII-1980)
-Cost Containment (70s-2000)
-HC rationing (now)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pre-1850 medical models

A

-Galen’s four humors must be balanced
-Miasma theory (bad air)
-religous punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Colonial providers (pre-1850)

A

-loose collection of unrelated services
-most sucess went to good advertisers
-often had another job
-apprentice
-circuit rider (dr came to patient)
-bled many pt to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

First Pharmacy school

A

-formed in 1821
-2 yr degree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Emergence of New Technologies of Care in Colonial period

A

-1757 smallpox vax
-1846 ether anesthetic
-1847 chloroform
-1847 when to use ether vs chloroform
-1847 germ theory, keep tools clean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Institutionalization Period (1850-1900)

A

-1854 shutting off contaminated water pipe ended chloera epidemic = sanitization and public health
-1865 sterilize med equipment
-pastuerization
-1870s- causes of anthrax and septicemia
-surgery became theoretically possible with hygiene and anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Purdue Rx formed

A

1884

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hospitals during industrialization period

A

-established in urban areas
-place to die
-place for dr to share ideas and network
-first dispensaries of health care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Emergence of scientific method (1900-1930)

A

-1900 John Hopkins
-1909 anti-syphilitic activity of salvarsan
-1918 flu pandemic case study in epidemiology
-1928 fleming and penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

More technological breakthroughs

A

-science of disease
-medicine as science
-inc power of drs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

European approach to health care

A

-PUBLIC health
-financed thru gov

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

US approach to health care

A

-PERSONAL health
-who paid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

medicine worked diligently to eliminate competition until

A

only a real dr would do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Evolution of payment

A

-pre1850: ducks, grain
-1850-1900: success for a few prominent individuals
-1900-1945: development of the concept of health insurance
-1945-1970: vast expansion, hospitals subsidized by feds, medicare/medicaid

-medical industrial complex babey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Payment methods to lower costs and reduce MD power

A

-1970-1980s: health planning to ensure resources used efficiently, but still based on fee for service
-1990s: recognition of out of control costs- regulations written to cause fierce competition, hope for free market to lower costs
-2000s: growing public subsidy of the cost of health care along w greater control

slide 16 idk what that means

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Private insurance

A

-almost unique to the US
-early versions started to keep income up for hospitals
-BLUE cross/shield were formed to ensure drs and hospitals were paid money for services provided

17
Q

WWII

A

-key issue in evolution of US hc
-employer insurance

18
Q

employer-purchased insurance

A

-WWII
-gov froze wages
-corps competed for employees w benefits bc they could not raise wages
-court said hc benefits were not taxable income so lowkey employer provides it for free to employee

19
Q

Post WWII impact

A

-fed support for medical research
-concept of HC as a right
-gov responsible to monitor and organize HC for everyone (GI experience)
-hospital construction funded by gov
-medicare/medicaid in the 60s so employers were off the hook
-quality of care began to equate to quality of job

20
Q

Health Planning Period (1970-1980)

A

-short-lived attempt of gov to control quality
-coordination of number and types of hosptitals/equipment
-health planning/public service ammendments = funds for health planning agencies but failed
-Health Planning and Resources Development act
-Health Maintenance Organization act 1973

21
Q

Post HMO act

A

-health insurance way more inflation than economy

22
Q

Cost Containment Period (1980-1990s)

A

-consumers would make best choices
-rolled back regulation
-competition for HC services would make them better
-for profit health care
-marketing
-limited resources and high costs
-pressure from gov and employers to keep it cheap
-substantial growth of managed care

23
Q

HC rationing (NOW)

A

-federalization, cost-shifting, rationing HC
-inc involvement of fed gov in HV
-new strategies to spread costs (req enrollment in part D for elders)
-rationing/limiting access
-continued attempts to prevent HC system crash
-PPAAC as a law to reform insurance industry

24
Q

Explain the major trends in development of HC for predominant health problems

A

1850-1900: epidemics of infections
-1900-WWII: events, trauma, infections of individuals
-WWII-1990s: chronic life-style disease (heart attack, stroke, cancer)
-present/future: chronic disease, depression, alzheimers

25
Q

Explain the major trends in development of HC for technology

A

-1850-1900: none
-1900-WWII: growth of med sciences, surgery
-WWII-1990s: Cat scans, radiation, drugs
-present/future: biotech, genome project

26
Q

Explain the major trends in development of HC for social organization

A

-1850-1990: left to ur own resources or charity
-1990-WWII: beginning of gov efforts to care for those who couldn’t care themselves, great depression, welfare state
-WWII-1990s: concept of HC as a right; gov responsibility to monitor and organize HC for everyone, medicare/medicaid
-present/future: greater centralization/control in fed gov, national health insurance, cost control

27
Q

The big three

A

-ability to provide care
-people who receive care
-way to pay

28
Q

BIG three Colonial Period

A

-ability: none, leeches
-population: everyone had equal opportunity to die
-payment: ducks

29
Q

BIG three of 1850-1900

A

-ability: public health era
-population: cities over towns, but most benefit
-payment: gov funded infrastructure

30
Q

1900-WWII big three

A

-ability: medicine as science
-population: who could afford the most
-payment: wealthy then the rest of the ppl w employer insurance

31
Q

WWII-1990s big three

A

-ability: HC as a right
-population: supposedly everyone but major differences in quality of care
-payment: insurance or gov agencies for less able

32
Q

present/future big three

A

-ability: HC out of control, chronic issues, end of life issues
-population: emergence of healthcare rationing, HCS failure
-payment: growing gov role, higher costs for those who dont care for selves

33
Q

Gov involvement in HC is a requirement bc

A

we need someone that can say NO

34
Q

What comes next?

A

-more gov involvement, maybe national health insurance
-maybe rationing

35
Q

HC rationing by gov

A

-limit access to care
-restrict # of Rxs per month
-amt of time in program
-limit procedures available

-NICE in the UK

36
Q

HC rationing by commercial insurance

A

-higher costs for smokers, obese, high risk patients

37
Q

The value argument

A

–why is this product good for its price compared to competitors

Health Care (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions