Evolution In the Present

Question 1

What are the 2 factors of Evolution?

Answer 1

1. Genetic Drift

2. Gene Flow

Question 2

Genetic Drift

Answer 2

• Changes to trait frequency as a result of choice
• The larger the population, the smaller the impact of random changes in allele frequencies. Therefore it is much more pronounced in small populations

Question 3

Bottleneck Effect

Answer 3

A dramatic reduction in population size usually resulting in significant genetic drift. Can also reduce genetic diversity.

The ones that survive are the fittest

Question 4

Example of a Bottleneck Effect

Answer 4

The northern elephant seals was hunted and their population size reduced to about 20 individuals. Hunting restrictions have since allowed the population to recover, but genetic diversity among its members has been greatly reduced. The bottleneck and subsequent genetic drift eliminated many alleles that had previously been present in the population.

Question 5

Founder’s Effect

Answer 5

• A type of genetic drift that results when a small number of individuals separate from their original population and establish a new population.
• The splitting of the population could be because there aren’t enough prey

Question 6

Gene Flow

Answer 6

• The movement of alleles between populations. Occurs when populations interbreed or breed within their population
• Gene flow can change or stabilize allele frequencies. Thus oppose the evolutionary effects of mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift in a population.

Question 7

What Is The Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

Answer 7

The Hardy-Weinberg is a model used to tell if populations are not evolving and if conditions are not met, then a conclusion that a population is evolving can be made.

Question 8

If Every Single Condition Is Met In HW Principle…..?

Answer 8

The population is not evolving (aka the genotype frequencies stay the same)

Question 9

5 Conditions of the Hardy Weinberg Principle

Answer 9

1. Very large population: no genetic drift
2. No emigration or immigration: no gene flow
3. No mutations: no new alleles added to gene pool
4. Random mating: no sexual selection
5. No natural selection: all traits aid equally in survival

Question 10

What Is Co-Evolution?

Answer 10

When one specie evolves, it affects another specie, causing the other specie to evolve as well