Evolution, Ecology, Developmental, and Taxonomy

Question 1

Lamarkian Evolution

Answer 1

Organisms change in the response to their environment and offspring inherit these changes

Question 2

acquired characteristics

Answer 2

traits altered by an individual organism during its life

Question 3

Darwin’s Theory of natural selection

Answer 3

• survival of the fittest
• nature chooses the organism best adapted to it to survive and reproduce
• the beneficial traits will produce more offspring than less favorable genetic traits

Question 4

natural selection

Answer 4

a process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits

Question 5

overpopulation

Answer 5

more offspring are produced than can survive

Question 6

Hugo de Vries

Answer 6

proposed the mutation theory of evolution

Question 7

variation

Answer 7

differences in physical traits of an individual from the group to which it belongs

Question 8

inheritance of variations

Answer 8

individuals that survive live to adulthood to reproduce and thus transmit these favorable variations or adaptations to their offspring. these favored genes gradually dominate the gene pool

Question 9

competition

Answer 9

developing population must compete for necessities of life

Question 10

speciation

Answer 10

formation of new species

Question 11

demes

Answer 11

small, local populations that form within a species
ex: beavers along a specific portion of a river

Question 12

isolated

Answer 12

detached or separated alone