evolution & classification.

Question 1

how tall were ardi and lucy?

Answer 1

ardi - 120cm
lucy - 107 cm

Question 2

when did ardi and lucy exist?

Answer 2

ardi - 4.4 million years ago
lucy - 3.2 million years ago

Question 3

brain size and other details of ardi?

Answer 3

brain size - 350 cm ^3
other details - tree climber, walked upright

Question 4

brain size and other details of lucy?

Answer 4

brain size - 400 cm^3
other details - walked upright, face ape-like

Question 5

who wrote the first description of early humans?

Answer 5

Leakey and his family

Question 6

how can stone tools be dated from their environment?

Answer 6

the amount of radiation in samples of sediment just above and below the layer in which the tools are found can be used to date the sediment and so give a range of dates when the tools were left there

the stone used to make the tools is much older than the tools, so cannot be used to date when the tool was made

Question 7

what are the three domains?

Answer 7

eukaryota (plants, animals, fungi, protoctista)
archaea (mainly bacteria that live in very warm of salty conditions)
eubacteria

Question 8

why have the prokaryotes in the three domain system been separated?

Answer 8

the genes of organisms in archaea work more like those in the eukaryotes, whilst the genes of organism in eubacteria work different

Question 9

how are pentadactyl limbs of a whale and human evidence for evolution?

Answer 9

both limbs have the same basic pentadactyl structure
they have the long bones supporting carpal bones and phalanges
this suggests that the human and whale evolved from the same shared ancestor
the differences in the limbs can be explained by evolution - they’ve developed in different ways because they’ve adapted to different uses

Question 10

what is a pentadactyl limb?

Answer 10

a limb with five digits