Evolution And Natural Selection Flashcards
Evolution
Change in the genetic makeup of a population over time.
Fitness
Those with favorable variations for survival and reproduction.
-populations evolve, not individuals.
Genetic Variations
Differences in the genetic code in an organism. IMPORTANT
Mutation
Random changes in DNA.
Mitosis
A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each
having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parents nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. Also called karyokinesis.
Meiosis
A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
Sexual Reproduction
The production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produce small motile gamete that travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female). {Or the mixing of alleles.}
Genetic Recombination
New arrangements of alleles in every offspring.
New combinations = new phenotypes
Natural Selection
The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offsring.
Heritable Variation
Traits that can be given from parent to the offspring. Must exist in a population for natural selection to occur.
Overreproduction
More offspring than the environment can support.
Competition
Food, mates, nesting sites, pedators.
Differential Survival
Successful traits = adaptations
Differential Reproduction
Adaptation become more common in population.
Adaptation
A change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to it’s environment.
