Evolution and Natural Selection Flashcards
Things like inherited traits, mutations, chromosome abnormalities that can affect the growth of an organism
Genetic Factors
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes
DNA
The first generations of offspring of a genetic cross. ex. first people, first generation
F1 Generation
A genetic trait passed from a parent to a child that is more likely to be expressed
Dominant trait
A genetic trait that is not shown when a dominant gene is present
Recessive trait
a tightly wound bundle of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of most living cells
chromosome
An organism in the earliest stage of development
embryo
a genetically determined condition or characteristic ex. blue eyes, red hair
genetic trait
to receive genetic information and traits from a parent or parents
inherit
conditions such as: Climate, pollution, food supply, clean water, predators, or natural disasters that can affect the growth of an organism or species
environmental factor
the basic unit of heredity in a living organism; a segment of DNA or RNA
Gene
change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
mutation
behaviors such as drug/tobacco/alcohol use, proper hygiene, medical check ups, sleep, that can affect the growth of an organism
lifestyle choices
theory stating that natural variation among organisms that make them the best adapted to their environment, live and reproduce better. “survival of the fittest”
Natural selection
Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
evolution
range of differences in DNA among organisms
genetic variation
a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
adaptation
What are genes?
the basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child
What do genes do?
contain the information needed to specify physical and biological traits
Who is Charles Darwin/ what is he known for?
the founder of the theory about evolution by natural selection
Where did Charles Darwin travel to
The Galapagos Islands
What causes genetic factors?
changes due to issues within the DNA
Anatomy, Molecular biology, biogeography, fossils, and direct observation are all evidence of what?
Evolution
species may share physical features because the feature was present in a common ancestor
Anatomy
DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life. DNA comparisons can show how related species are
Molecular biology
The global distribution of organisms and the unique features of island species reflect evolution and geological change
Biogeography
document the existence of now-extinct past species that are related to present-day species
Fossilis
We can directly observe small-scale evolution in organisms with short life cycles
Direct observation
How is natural selection and artificial selection related?
They both have to do with the best of a species surviving
