Evolution and heredity

Question 1

Define evolution

Answer 1

The change in charactersistics of a group of organisms over time

Question 2

Define inherritance

Answer 2

The way parents pass traits to their off spring

Question 3

What is natural selection?

Answer 3

It is the process in which species adapt to their environment (Drives evolution)

Question 4

What is A-sexual reproduction?

Answer 4

A mode of reproduction which only one parent is involved to make an offspring

Question 5

What is overproduction mean?

Answer 5

A species has more offsprings than an environment can support

Question 6

What is variation?

Answer 6

Some individuals have traits better suited to an enviroinment

Question 7

What is reproduction mean in natural selection?

Answer 7

geneteic mutations that are beneficial to an individuals survival passsed on through reproduction

Question 8

What does adaptation mean in natural selection?

Answer 8

any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment.

Question 9

What is the order of natural selection?

Answer 9

Variation, selection, reproduction, adaptation

Question 10

What are fossils?

Answer 10

Fossils are the traces of living organisms that can be found in rocks or formed by sediment which has burried it.

Question 11

What is homologous structure?

Answer 11

Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestory

Question 12

What is anaologous structure?

Answer 12

A structure in different species with the saeme function but has evolved seperatley.

Question 13

What is vestigal structure?

Answer 13

A structure that has lost most of its originial ancestral function through evoloution.

Question 14

What is anatomy?

Answer 14

The study of the structure of organisms and their parts.

Question 15

What is artificial selection?

Answer 15

Also known as selective breeding, artifical selection involves the intentional breeding of plants and or animals with desirable chacracteristics to encourage those characteristics in the offspring.

Question 16

What is a double helix model?

Answer 16

The shape of the dna molecule is called a double helix and it looks like a spiral stair case with each step being a nucleotoide bases.

Question 17

What are bases?

Answer 17

DNA contains four bases: Cytosine (C) guanine (G) thymine (T) and adreniline (A)

Question 18

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 18

Deoxryibouncelic acid

Question 19

What is dna?

Answer 19

The genetic material of most organisms DNA is found in the nucleus of cells and carries insturctions for making proteins

Question 20

What is a chromonsomes?

Answer 20

Thread like structure in the nucleus of a cell that is made up of dna, they normally come in pairs and a normal human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Question 21

Important information: DNA is made of many nucleotides joined like links in a chain. A nucleotide is made of the sugar deoxribose, phosphiric acid and a nitrogeous base. There are only four bases: Cytosine (C) guanine (G) thymine (T) and adreniline (A)

Answer 21

Important information: DNA is made of many nucleotides joined like links in a chain. A nucleotide is made of the sugar deoxribose, phosphiric acid and a nitrogeous base. There are only four bases: Cytosine (C) guanine (G) thymine (T) and adreniline (A)

Question 22

What is the other molecule that is like DNA in every cell

Answer 22

RNA. RNA has the sugar ribose and DNA has the sugar deoxyribose and is used to make copies of DNA

Question 23

Why is dna important?

Answer 23

It is the blue print for life

Question 24

What is cell division?

Answer 24

The division of a cell to make new cells. There are two types of cell division, mitosis and meiosis

Question 25

Define mitosis

Answer 25

Division in a body cell to produce two new cells with the same chromosomes as the original cell

Question 26

Define meosis

Answer 26

a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information

Question 27

Which gender has an emididymis, a prostate gland, a sperm duct and a testicle and a penis

Answer 27

Male

Question 28

Which gender has a follopian tube, a uterus, ovarys, a cervix and a vagina

Answer 28

Female

Question 29

What chromosomes do males have?

Answer 29

X and Y chromosomes

Question 30

What chromosomes do females have?

Answer 30

X and X chromosomes

Question 31

Define Trait

Answer 31

A particular chacrtersitic of an organism that can be determined by genes and or the environment

Question 32

Define allele

Answer 32

Alternitive versions of a gene

Question 33

Define gene

Answer 33

The basic unit of heredity, a gene is a secition of DNA that carries the information for making a particular protien.

Question 34

Define dominant

Answer 34

A version of a gene that is always expressed even if only one copy has been inherrited.

Question 35

What is recessive?

Answer 35

A version of a gene that is not expressed in the presence of a dominant allele.

Question 36

What is a genotype?

Answer 36

The particular set of genes carried by an individual organism

Question 37

What is a phenotype?

Answer 37

The observable chacracteristics of an individual.

Question 38

What base pairs with adrenaline

Answer 38

Thymene

Question 39

What base pairs with Cytosine

Answer 39

Guainene