Evolution and Genetics Flashcards
Because members of a population interbreed with one another, they share a common group of genes called a __________________.
Gene Pool
A gene pool consists of all genes present in a population, including _____________.
All alleles for each gene
What is evolution?
Involving any change in the frequency of alleles in the population over time
Natural selection acts directly on an organism’s ____________.
Phenotype
What three ways is genetic variation produced?
Mutations, genetic recombination, lateral gene transfer, reproduction
What is a mutation?
A heritable change in the DNA sequence
Mutations that are passed to offspring must occur in ______________.
Gametes
What can produce genetic recombination?
Crossing-over
Lateral gene transfer can occur between individuals of _________________.
Same species or individual of different species
The number of phenotypes that is produced for a particular trait depends on ______________.
How many genes control that trait
What are single trait genes?
A trait that is controlled by only one gene
What is an example of a single trait gene?
Gregor Mendel’s pea plants
What are polygenic traits?
A trait that is controlled by more than 2 genes.
What is an example of a polygenic trait?
Blood types
Similar patterns of embryological development provide further evidence that organisms have descended from a ____________________.
Common Ancestor
