Evolution and Development of Flowers

Question 1

when did angiosperms emerge

Answer 1

early cretaceous

Question 2

promoter of flowering

Answer 2

LFY

Question 3

repressor of flowering

Answer 3

TFL

Question 4

other pathways which control flowering

Answer 4

age pathways, autonomous pathways detecting stuff like energy reserves

Question 5

vernalisation

Answer 5

exposure to prolonged cold being required for plants to flower when it gets warmer- prevents flowering at incorrect times

Question 6

LFY regulation

Answer 6

FD is the TF- repressed by TFL, activated by FT

Question 7

what does LFY regulate

Answer 7

AP1, involved in floral meristem specification

Question 8

flower parts

Answer 8

sepal petal stamen carpel

Question 9

what are the ABC genes in arabadopsis?

Answer 9

A- AP1/2
B- AP3, PI
C- AG

Question 10

A gene expression missing

Answer 10

more stamen, less petals, as there is more BC overlap
(ca st st ca)

Question 11

C gene expression missing

Answer 11

more petals fewer stamen- more AV overlap
(se pe pe se)

Question 12

B gene expression missing

Answer 12

sepal sepal carpel carpel

Question 13

how are floral organs organised

Answer 13

‘concentric whorls’ (circles, basically)

Question 14

D and E genes

Answer 14

D- ovules, E- important in all whorls

Question 15

why is floral structure important

Answer 15

plant reproductive strategy- e..g interactions w pollinators, pollen dispersal
crops, aesthetics for humans- we can mess with this stuff

Question 16

ABC model and sex

Answer 16

male and female flowers show differential B expression, so no stamen in F and carpel in M flowers

Question 17

changes in grasses

Answer 17

petal and sepal are changed into lodicule and paela/lemma